Bacterial Toxin Research Citations

Induction and evaluation of EAE

To induce acute EAE, 10 to 12-week-old mice were injected subcutaneously in both flanks of back regions with 300 μg per mice of MOG35-55 peptide (Met-Glu-Val-GlyTrp-Tyr-Arg-Ser-Pro-Phe-Ser-Arg-Val-Val-HisLeu-Tyr-Arg-Asn-Gly-Lys, Genemed Synthesis) in CFA (Incomplete Freund’s adjuvant was purchased from IFA, Sigma) containing 5 mg/ml of heat-killed Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra (BD Difco). Pertussis toxin (200 ng per mouse; List Biological Laboratories) was also administered to mice in PBS on the day of immunization and 48 hours later. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

EAE induction

NAT10WT and NAT10cKO mice were anesthetized with pentobarbital and then immunized s.c. with MOG35-55 peptide (2568, R&D; 300 μg) mixed in CFA containing 5 mg/ml heat-killed Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra (231141, Difco). 200 ng pertussis toxin (181, list labs) was i.p. injected to immunized mice subsequently and 24 h later. …

• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)

EAE induction and ILA supplementation

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) was induced in 10–12-week-old C57BL/6J mice through subcutaneous injection of 150 µg of MOG35-55 peptide (JHMI Peptide Synthesis Core, USA), emulsified in Complete Freund’s Adjuvant (CFA; Thermo Scientific, USA) containing 8 mg/ml of heat-killed Mycobacterium tuberculosis (BD, NJ). The injection was administered at two sites on the abdomen. To further enhance the immune response, 300 ng of pertussis toxin (List Biological Labs, California, USA) was administered intraperitoneally on the day of immunization, followed by a second dose 48 hours later. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

EAE:
Female WT and Fbln2-/- mice (10–12 weeks old) were injected subcutaneously with 50 μg MOG35–55 peptide (synthesized by Protein and Nucleic acid Facility, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA) emulsified in complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) (Thermo Fisher Scientific) supplemented with 10 mg/mL heat-inactivated Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra (MilliporeSigma). A total of 100 μL emulsion was injected at 2 sites into hind flanks. On the day of immunization and 48 hours later, Pertussis toxin (300 ng per 200 μL; List Biological Laboratories) was injected intraperitoneally. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

A single dose of 200 ng DT (List Laboratories, #150) was intraperitoneally introduced one week after the last Tamoxifen injection. The cancer cells were inoculated into

amoxifen and diphtheria toxin treatment

Tamoxifen (MedChemExpress, #HY-13757A) was dissolved in corn oil (20 mg ml−1, Wako, #032-17016) and heated at 37 °C for 3 hours. Mice were administered with tamoxifen through oral gavage (100 mg kg−1 body weight). To activate Cx3cr1CreERT2-mediated recombinase, each mouse was fed with Tamoxifen every three days, starting from Day 12 post-intraportal injection, as indicated in Fig. 2e. For proliferation tracing experiment, DreERT2-mediated recombinase was introduced by a single dose of tamoxifen on Day 12 post-intraportal injection, as indicated in Fig. 3f. For KC specific depletion, DreERT2-mediated recombinase was introduced by 8 doses of tamoxifen gavage, as indicated in Fig. 5c. A single dose of 200 ng DT (List Laboratories, #150) was intraperitoneally introduced one week after the last Tamoxifen injection. The cancer cells were inoculated into liver through portal vein one day after DT injection.

• Product #150 – Diphtheria Toxin, Unnicked, from Corynebacterium diphtheriae

… the SNAPtide substrate flP6 (DABCYL/5-IAF) was purchased from List Laboratories (#523). …

• Product #523 – SNAPtide® Peptide Substrate flP6(DABCYL/5-IAF) for C. botulinum Type A Neurotoxin

… and cholera toxin (100 ng/ml; List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA) …

• Product #100B – Cholera Toxin (AZIDE-FREE) from Vibrio cholerae

… In addition, the mice were administered 600 ng of pertussis toxin (List Biological Laboratories) intraperitoneally (ip) on days 0 and 300 ng on day 2. The severity of EAE …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

… Ultra pure Lipopolysaccharides Escherichia coli O111:B4 List Biological Labs #421 …

Inflammasome assays

BMDMs were seeded at a density of 0.7 M/well in 24-well plates. After the cells attached, they were treated overnight with the indicated concentrations of ITA-LNP, Ctrl-LNP or PBS. The following day, the media was changed to Opti-MEM without serum and the cells were treated with PBS or 50 ng/mL ultrapure LPS (List Biological Labs) for 3 h. The cells were then treated with 5 μM Nigericin. After 1 h of incubation, the supernatant was collected and the cells were lysed in a 2x Laemmli SDS loading buffer. Cell lysates (15 μg/lane) and supernatant (50 μL/well) were loaded to Bio Rad TGX Criterion (4–20%) 12-well gels. Immunoblotting was performed as described above.

• Product #421 – ULTRA PURE LPS from Escherichia coli O111:B4

Multiplex immuno-assay (MIA)

… 69 KDa pertactin (PRN; List Labs, Campbell, CA), … and adenylate cyclase toxin (ACT; List Labs, Campbell, CA) were each coupled to Luminex xMAP MagPlex-C microspheres of different spectral according to manufacturer’s instructions (Luminex Corp, Austin, TX). …