Bacterial Toxin Research Citations

… LPS was obtained from List Biological Laboratories, INC. (#423, California, USA). …

In vitro stimulation:

At the day of experiments the cell medium was replaced by pre-warmed 500 µL DMEM/antibiotics per well. Cells were stimulated with LPS (10ng/ml), TNF-α (1, 20, 100 ng/ml), IL-1β (1, 20, 100 ng/ml), galectin-3 (5, 50 or 100 ug/mL), or the combinations of LPS (10 ng/ml) or TNF-α (100 ng/mL) with galectin3 (5 ug/ml or 100 ug/ml) for 24 h. Cell culture media from each well was collected and stored at -80°C until analysis. Each experiment was repeated at three independent times using 6 animals/repeat. Vehicle and treatment wells were situated on the same plate and two samples for each treatment were analyzed for every repeat. …

• Product #423 – ULTRA PURE LPS from Escherichia coli O55:B5

EAE induction

Active EAE was induced as described [17, 21]. Subcutaneous flank injection of 300µg MOG35 − 55 peptide (MEVGWYRSPFSRVVHLYRNGK, Millipore Sigma) in complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA, Difco) containing 300µg Mycobacterium tuberculosis was performed on day 0 (D0), and supplemented by intraperitoneal injections of 500ng pertussis toxin (PTX, List Biological) on D0 and D2 to heighten the auto-immune reaction to MOG peptide [22, 23]. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

MATERIALS AND METHODS

A. Proteins and reagents

Anthrax Protective Antigen (PA, recombinant from B. anthracis) was purchased from List Biological Laboratories Inc. (Campbell, California, USA). …

• Product #171E – Anthrax Protective Antigen (PA), Recombinant from B. anthracis

Induction of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE)

Mice were immunized with 200 µg of synthesized MOG35–55 peptide (Anygen, Korea) in CFA (BD Difco) emulsion containing 400 µg of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (BD Difco) on day 0. Mixture or MOG35–55 peptide, CFA, and M. tuberculosis was subcutaneously injected into both right and left flank side of the mice. Mice were administered 400 ng of pertussis toxin (List Biological Laboratories Inc.) through intraperitoneal route on days 0 and 2. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

Ablation of AgRP neurons

To ablate AgRP neurons, mice carrying the AgrpDTR/+ allele, were bilaterally microinjected with DT (0.4 ng/side/mouse, List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA) using a needle (Hamilton Small Hub RN 33 G, Reno, NV) connected with a 10 μl syringe (Hamilton 700 Microliter, Reno, NV), at a rate of 0.1 μl/min. A total 0.4 μl volume/side was delivered into the dlDRN2. To describe the expression profile of AgRPARC-dlDRN neurons, the vehicle (0.9% NaCl) or DT were injected into the dlDRN with AgrpDTR/+::NpyGFP mice. …

• Product #150 – Diphtheria Toxin, Unnicked, from Corynebacterium diphtheriae

In vivo retinal monitoring in EAE

Mice. For experiments involving in vivo retinal imaging, CX3CR1GFP/+–knock-in mice were fully backcrossed into C57BL/6J. We confirmed the absence of an RD8 mutation (associated with hereditary macular degeneration). In CX3CR1GFP/+–knock-in mice, microglia, macrophages, monocytes, and NK cells express GFP, which can be imaged through CSLO (14), without any immunologic alterations (15).

Induction and clinical scoring of MOG35-55 EAE. Seven female mice at 10 weeks of age were immunized s.c. with 100 μg of MOG35–55 peptide (Genemed Synthesis) in complete Freund’s adjuvant containing 400 μg Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra (Difco Laboratories). Mice received 200 ng pertussis toxin (List Biological) by i.p. injection at the time of and after immunization. We monitored clinical scores, as described before (42). …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

… anthrax protective antigen (recombinant from Bacillus anthracis; 0.5 µg/ml; List Biological Laboratories, Inc.), …

• Product #171E – Anthrax Protective Antigen (PA), Recombinant from B. anthracis

Induction and clinical evaluation of EAE

We induced EAE by immunization of mice with 4 mg/ml MOG35–55 peptide (TS-M704-P; MBL, Nagoya, Japan) emulsified in complete Freund’s adjuvant containing 1 mg/ml Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37RA (#231131; BD Difco, Lawrence, KS, USA) at a dose of 200 μg per mouse, followed by intraperitoneal injections of 300 ng pertussis toxin (# 180-A1; List Biological Laboratories Inc., Campbell, CA, USA) per mouse on days 0 and 2. …

• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer

2.2. Induction and evaluation of EAE

The EAE inducing antigen employed was myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein peptide (MOG35-55). To induce EAE, complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) emulsified with an equal volume of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) containing 250 µg of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain H37Ra (BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA, USA) and 200 µg of MOG35–55 (MEVGWYRSPFSRVVHLYRNGK) (Wuhan Bioyears gene Biotechnology Inc., China), was injected into the mice subcutaneously in each axillary fossa, on experimental day 0 and day 2, immediately followed by an intravenous injection of pertussis toxin (200 ng, List Biological Laboratories, Inc., Campbell, CA, USA) in the tail vein. The control group received only CFA in place of the EAE induction solution. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

… Mice received 200 ng of pertussis toxin (List Biological Laboratories) IP on day 0 (immunization day) and day 1 (24 hours after immunization). …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)