Bacterial Toxin Research Citations

Neural tracer injection:

A glass pipette (tip diameter 30m) filled with tracer solution was introduced into the center of auditory regions visualized and identified using optical imaging, to 450m below the cortical surface so that tracer solutions spread to all the cortical layers. Here, we used a low-salt type cholera toxin subunit b (CTB) (#104; List Biological Laboratory, Campbell, CA) that is suitable for iontophoretic injection (Ruigrok et al., 1995). CTB was injected by carrying 70 pulses, 5 s on/ 5 s off anodal currents at an intensity of 4 A. Partly, dual injections of Alexa Fluor 488- and 555-conjugated CTBs (0.5% in 0.1 M phosphate buffer, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA) were made iontophoretically by 70 pulses, each. After finishing injections, a glass pipette was slowly withdrawn. The cranial hole was covered using 2% agarose (1-B, Sigma-Aldrich, MO) and the skin was sutured. Mice were placed in a warm place for recovery, and after awaking they were reared in their home cages.

• Product #104 – Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Choleragenoid) from Vibrio cholerae in Low Salt

EAE induction:

Female mice were immunized by subcutaneous injection of 200 ml emulsion (100 mg MOG3555 peptide [MEVGWYRSPFSRVVHLYRNGK, Sigma-Aldrich] in complete Freunds adjuvant emulsion [CFA, Difco] containing 500 mg Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra [Difco]). Mice were injected 100 ng pertussis toxin (List Biological Laboratories) intravenously 0 hr and 48 hr after immunization. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

EAE:

C57/BL6 mice were immunized (s.c. injection near inguinal LNs- 50ul per side) with 100ul/mouse of a 1:1 emulsion of Complete Freunds Adjuvant (CFA): Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) peptide amino acids 3535 (MEVGWYRSPFSRVVHLYRNGK), (MOG₃₅₅₅, Stanford Protein and Nucleic Acid Facility, Stanford, CA). CFA consisted of 5mg/ml mTB (Mycobacterium-tuberculosis H37 Ra, BD Difco) in IFA (Incomplete Freunds Adjuvant, Sigma). MOG₃₅₅₅ was reconstituted at 2mg/ml in PBS. Mice also received 200ng pertussis toxin (List Biological Laboratories, Inc) by i.p. injection at the time of immunization and two days later. 

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

EAE:

… 200 ng of pertussis toxin (List Labs, USA) was applied intraperitoneally (ip) on day 0 and 2 after immunization. Control mice were treated without MOG. All of the mice were weighted and scored daily as follows …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

… Purified (low protein and nucleic acid content) and lyophilized LPS from E. coli J5 strain was purchased from both List Biological Laboratories, Inc. (Campbell, CA) …

• Product #301 – LPS from Escherichia coli J5 (Rc)

EAE:

… A total of 250 ng of pertussis toxin (List Biologicals, Campbell, CA) was administered by i.p. injection at the time of immunization and 48 hours later. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

Drugs:

… PTX was obtained from List Biological Laboratories (Campbell, CA). …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

… Goat polyclonal anti-Cholera Toxin, B-Subunit List Biologicals RRID: AB_10013220; Cat#703 …

• Product #703 – Anti-Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Goat)

EAE induction and Evaluation:

… Two hours following immunization, mice were given 200ng pertussis toxin (List Biologicals, Campbell, CA) via intraperitoneal injection, while 400ng was given i.p. on day 2. EAE was induced in 810-week-old female SJL/J mice similarly; however, myelin proteolipid protein peptide (PLP₁₃₉₁₅₁) was used to immunize these mice and 4mg/mL Mycobacterium tuberculosiswas added to CFA. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

EAE:

… After that, the mice received an intraperitoneal injection of 300 ng pertussis toxins (List Biological Lab, USA) on days 0 and 2 post immunization. Then, EAE mice were divided …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)