Bacterial Toxin Research Citations

Reagents and Treatment:

Ultrapure LPS (Escherichia coli 0111:B4) was purchased from List Biological Laboratories (Vandell Way, CA). …

Results:

LPS Stimulates an Autophagy-Like Process in Liver and Hepatocytes – 

We first wanted to determine whether LPS induced autophagy in hepatocytes via TLR4 activation. To do this we investigated LC3II expression and puncta formation, a standard method of assessing autophagy [27], in liver and hepatocytes at time points after LPS treatment in vitro and in vivo. Wild type C57BL/6 (WT) mice were injected intraperitoneally (IP) with LPS (5mg/kg), and livers were harvested after 6 or 24h. Whole cell liver lysates then underwent immunoblot analysis. We found that LC3II protein expression in liver increased significantly compared with baseline (0h; no LPS) and peaked at 6h (Figure 1(a)) suggesting that autophagy increased in liver after LPS in vivo. Similarly, primary hepatocytes isolated from WT mice and treated with LPS (100ng/mL) in a time-course up to 24h also showed increased LC3II protein expression over time (Figure 1(b)) suggesting LPS-mediated upregulation of autophagy in hepatocytes in vitro. …

• Product #421 – ULTRA PURE LPS from Escherichia coli O111:B4

In vitro interleukin (IL)-1 secretion from BMDMs:

BMDMs (110⁵/well) were seeded into 48-well plates and cultured overnight. Then cells were primed with 10 ng/mL lipopolysaccharide (LPS; List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA). Five hours later, cells were stimulated with the indicated dose and size of silica particles or with 1 mM ATP (Wako, Osaka, Japan) for four hours at 37C. …

Author did not specify which List Labs LPS product was utilized in their research.  List Labs provides the following LPS products:  https://listlabs.com/product-information/lipopolysaccharides/

… Unilateral intraocular of 70 l of an aqueous solution of CTb (List biological Laboratories, Inc., Campbell, CA) to 5%, containing sulfoxide (DMSO) to 10% with… CTb Goat [1:5000] List biological  …

• Product #104 – Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Choleragenoid) from Vibrio cholerae in Low Salt
• Product #703 – Anti-Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Goat)

The Anthrax Lethal Factor was obtained from List Biological Laboratories, INC.

Author did not indicate which specific lethal factor was utilized.  List Labs provides Product #172 (Anthrax Lethal Factor (LF), Recombinant from B. anthracis) and Product #169L (Anthrax Lethal Factor (LF-A), Recombinant from B. anthracis Native Sequence).

Pertussis Toxin von Bordetella pertussis PTX 100 ng/L H2O List Biological Lab. Inc

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

EAE:

EAE was actively induced by immunization with 200 µg of MOG peptide in an emulsion (1:1 by volume) with CFA containing 10 mg/mL heat-inactivated Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37RA…In addition, 300 ng of pertussis toxin (List Biological Laboratories) was administered to the mice on the same day and again 2 d later.

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

EAE Model & Neurological Testing:
 
Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) was induced using MBP, in adolescent female Lewis rats (Charles River, Montreal, QC) as previously described (Zhu et al., 2012). A total of 66 adolescent female Lewis rats were divided into 3 experimental groups: nave control (NC), active control (AC) and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). NC animals (n=6) did not receive any injections. AC animals (n=30) received 2 intraperitoneal injections (I.P.) of pertussis toxin (PT; List Biological Laboratories CN: 180) (0.3 µg in 200 µl of phosphate buffered saline …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

EAE induction:

EAE was induced by subcutaneous (s.c.) immunization with… Pertussis toxin, 200ng, (List Biological Laboratories, Inc., Campbell, CA) was injected i.p. on the day of EAE induction and again two days later. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

EAE Induction:

Mice received 180 ng pertussis toxin (List Biological Laboratories) intraperitoneally on days 0 and 2. For passive EAE experiments, 2D2 CD4 + T cells were activated and transduced under the Th17 cell polarizing condition with either a control retroviral vector or retrovirus overexpressing the Runx dominant-negative mutant.

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

Reagents:

… Lipopolysaccharide (LPS, Escherichia coli, Type O111:B4) was purchased from List Biological Laboratories, Inc. (Campbell, CA). …

• Product #201 – LPS from Escherichia coli O111:B4