Bacterial Toxin Research Citations

Induction and evaluation of EAE:

Mice were immunized for the induction of EAE using a single injection protocol. The animals were injected s.c. in the posterior right and left ank and the scruff of the neck with a sonicated PBS/oil emulsion containing 200 mg MOG3555 and CFA (Sigma-Aldrich) supplemented with 200 mg Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra (Difco Laboratories). Immediately afterward, each mouse received 200 ng PTX (List Biological Laboratories) in 0.2 ml Munoz buffer by i.v. injection (14). …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

Experimental autoimmune diseases:

… For EAE induction (29), mice were immunized s.c. with 200 mg MOG 3555 peptide (Anaspec) emulsied in 200 ml CFA (DIFCO Laboratories) containing killed Mycobacterium (DIFCO Laboratories) plus 200 ng pertussis toxin (List Biological Laboratories) by i.p. injection on days 0 and 2, and EAE disease scoring was determined daily (29). …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

2.2. TC DNA immunization by applying plasmid DNA onto a mouse skin area wherein the hair was depilated by warm-waxing

… Female C57BL/6 mice and SKH1-Elite mice were from Charles River Laboratories (Wilmington, MA). TC immunization was completed as previously described [3]. Mice (n = 5–10/group) were anesthetized, and the hair in the mid-dorsum was plucked with ‘warm’ wax (GiGi® Honee, American International Industries, Los Angeles, CA) in an area of ~1.5 cm2. Two days after the plucking, mice were anesthetized again, and the plucked area was cleaned with 70% ethanol, hydrated for 20 min with warm water, and paper-dried. Plasmid DNA (pCMV-β or pCI-neo-sOVA, 50 μg) admixed with 10 μg cholera toxin (CT) (List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA) was gently dripped onto the hydrated area using a pipette tip. … Cholera toxin (CT) from Vibrio cholera, a heat-labile enterotoxin, is widely used experimentally as an adjuvant in mucosal and transcutaneous immunization [16]. It was used in the present study because data from a previous study of ours showed the CT enhances the immune responses induced by plasmid DNA applied topically onto the skin [17].

• Product #100B – Cholera Toxin (AZIDE-FREE) from Vibrio cholerae

… Mice were sensitized by intragastric administration of antigen plus cholera toxin (CT) as adjuvant once a week for six weeks. Feedings consisted of 1 mg of ovalbumin (OVA, grade V, Sigma Chemicals, St. Louis, MO) or ovomucoid (OM, Sigma) plus 10 µg CT (List Biologicals, Campbell, CA, USA) in 0.4 ml of 0.2 M bicarbonate. …

• Product #100B – Cholera Toxin (AZIDE-FREE) from Vibrio cholerae

EAO induction:

Six-12 week old mice were immunized as previously described [9] with 10 mg of TH plus CFA (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO) supplemented with 200 µg of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra (Difco Laboratories, Detroit, MI) in conjunction with PTX (List Biological Laboratories Inc., Campbell, CA). EAO was evaluated at 25-30 days post-injection. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE):

… Briefly, eight-week-old female SJL/J mice were anesthetized with ketamine/xylazine and were injected subcutaneously at two sites on the back with 0.1 mL solution containing 0.5 mg/mL proteolipid protein peptide 139151 (GenScript, Piscataway, NJ) emulsified in complete Freund adjuvant (CFA; Difco, Detroit, MI) containing 2.5 mg/mL Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Difco). Control mice were injected with equal volumes of PBS and CFA. All mice were injected with 200 ng pertussis toxin (List Biological, Campbell, CA) in 0.1 mL PBS intraperitoneally on day 0 (day of immunization) and again on day 2.

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

• Product #100B – Cholera Toxin (AZIDE-FREE) from Vibrio cholerae

… Recombinant PA, EF, LF toxins and goat anti-PA primary antibody (Ab) were obtained from the List Biological Laboratories, Inc. … 

Author did not specify which Lethal Factor (LF) was utilized; List Labs provides the following LF:

• Prodcut #172 – Anthrax Lethal Factor (LF), Recombinant from B. anthracis
• Product #169L – Anthrax Lethal Factor (LF-A), Recombinant from B. anthracis Native Sequence

Author did not specify which Lethal Factor (LF) was utilized; List Labs provides the following LF:

• Product #178A – Anthrax Edema Factor (EF), Recombinant from B. anthracis
• Product #173B – Anthrax Edema Factor (EF), Recombinant, Mutant S447N from B. anthracis

… In a typical experiment, cells before stimulation were washed with serum-free medium, incubated for 1 h, and then stimulated in the conditions indicated in figure legends. LT, ET, protective antigen, lethal factor, and edema factor were purchased from List Biologicals. …

Author did not indicate which specific lethal factor was utilized.  List Labs provides Product #172 (Anthrax Lethal Factor (LF), Recombinant from B. anthracis) and Product #169 (Anthrax Lethal Factor (LF-A), Recombinant from B. anthracis Native Sequence).

• Product #171 – Anthrax Protective Antigen (PA), Recombinant from B. anthracis

Author did not specify which List Labs Anthrax Edema Factor was utilized.  List Labs provides Product #178A(Anthrax Edema Factor (EF), Recombinant from B. anthracis) and Product #173B (Anthrax Edema Factor (EF), Recombinant, Mutant S447N from B. anthracis).

PA-specific IgG ELISA:

Sera from individual rabbits were assayed in triplicate for the presence of PA-specific IgG by ELISA. Briefly, 96-well flat-bottomed Nunc Maxisorp plates (VWR International, Inc.) were coated with 0.1 g/well of PA (List Biological Laboratories, Inc.) overnight, blocked with 0.5% casein in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) for 2 h at 37C, washed, and incubated for 1 h at 37C with the test serum. …

• Product #171 – Anthrax Protective Antigen (PA), Recombinant from B. anthracis