Bacterial Toxin Research Citations

Active EAE and adoptive transfer EAE

In the active EAE model, FACS-sorted MP CD4+ T cells (γδTCR–NK1.1–Vβ11–TCRβ+CD4+CD1d tetramer–Foxp3–CD62LlowCD44high, 5 × 105) from Foxp3-GFP mice were adoptively transferred into 5-week-old female C57BL/6 mice. After the transfer, the mice were immunized with 200 μg of MOG35-55 peptide in complete Freund’s adjuvant (Chondrex, Inc., Woodinville, WA, USA). At 0 and 48 h after immunization, the mice were intraperitoneally treated with 500 ng of pertussis toxin (List Biological Laboratories, Inc., Campbell, CA, USA). The animals were scored daily for clinical disease.

In another EAE model established by adoptive transfer, naive (CD4+Vβ11+CD25–CD62LhighCD44low) CD45.1− T cells (1–5 × 104) from 2D2 TCR-transgenic mice were transferred into Rag–/– mice with or without WT CCR6high, WT CCR6low, Bhlhe40–/– CCR6high, GM-CSF–/– CCR6high, GM-CSF–/– CCR6low, Il1r1–/– CCR6high or Il1r1–/– CCR6low MP CD4+ T cells (CD45.1+γδTCR–NK1.1–Vβ11–TCRβ+CD4+CD1d tetramer–CD25–CD62Llow CD44high, 1.0 × 105). Before the transfer, CCR6high or CCR6low MP CD4+ T cells were primed in vitro with IL-7 (10 ng/mL) and IL-1β (20 ng/mL) for 5–7 days. After the transfer, the mice were immunized with 100 μg of MOG35−55 peptide in complete Freund’s adjuvant. At 0 and 48 h after immunization, the mice were intraperitoneally injected with 200 ng of pertussis toxin (List Biological Laboratories, Inc., Campbell, CA, USA). …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

… CD11c-DTR MRL/lpr mice and transgene-negative littermate controls were i.p. injected with a single dose of DT (List Biological Labs) at a concentration of 8 ng/kg body weight in PBS at 1, 4, or 7 d prior to experimental analysis …

• Product #150 – Diphtheria Toxin, Unnicked, from Corynebacterium diphtheriae

… Additionally, mice received intraperitoneal injection of pertussis toxin (List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, California, USA) on the same day and the second day after the immunization. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

Lipopolysaccharide murine acute lung injury model

… Eight- to ten-week-old C57BL/6 J female mice (Jackson Laboratory) were injured intratracheally (IT) with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, O55:B5 #203A, List Labs). Each mouse received 50 μg LPS dissolved in 50 μL sterile phosphate buffered saline (PBS) at time zero. Control mice were administered 50 μL IT PBS. …

• Product #203A – LPS from Escherichia coli O55:B5

… activation: 8- to 12-week-old female and male Gsdmd-/-, Gsdmd+/+, Ldlr-/-;GpTg, and C57BL/6J mice received an ip injection of 5 µg ultrapure LPS (List Labs) or saline. …

Author did not specify which List Labs LPS product was utilized in their research.
List Labs provides the following LPS products: https://www.listlabs.com/product-information/lipopolysaccharides/

… Cholera Toxin subunit B (CTb; List Biological) was used as 12 conventional tracer. …

• Product #104 – Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Choleragenoid) from Vibrio cholerae in Low Salt

… Pertussis toxin List Biologicals Laboratories (Campbell, CA) Cat# 181 …

Induction of active EAE

Active EAE was induced by subcutaneous (s.c.) injection of MOG35-55 (MOG) peptide (200 µg/mouse) emulsified in complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) containing Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra (5 mg/ml) at the flanks of mice. Pertussis toxin (200 ng/mouse) was given intravenously (i.v.) on days 0 and 2. The mice were observed daily for the development of clinical symptoms, and mice were clinically scored.

• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)

Materials and Instruments

… Botulinum toxin type A heavy chain (BTX/A/Hc) was obtained from List Biological Laboratories, Inc. (Campbell, CA, USA) under regulations of US Department of Commerce, and BTX/A/Hc was used under the Civil Protection Law in Japan. …

LSPR Detection of Biological Toxins

Using the biological toxins (BTX/C or BTX/A/Hc) and the glycolipid chips functionalized with double layers having different Au nanoparticle sizes (20–80 nm), detection responses were examined by our LSPR method as previously reported. (14,16) The LSPR system is composed of a tungsten halogen lamp as a light source, a portable pump for flowing, an injection valve with a sample loop for 1 mL, a disassemble flow cell (optical length, 0.025 mm) for attachment of the prepared chips, a temperature-control sample compartment with a Peltier-controlled cuvette holder, a spectrometer for detection of absorbance changes and a PC for data analysis. The running buffer used in the experiments was 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5) containing 150 mM NaCl, filtered with a 0.22 μm filter, and degassed before use through all the LSPR experiments. The LSPR system detects and measures absorbance changes when the analytes (the samples being analyzed) start to bind and dissociate from the chip surfaces. The buffer was run in the LSPR system until the baseline was made stable. Each 1 mL of BTX/C (50 ng/mL) or BTX/A/Hc (5, 25, and 50 ng/mL) was injected for 15 min at a flow rate of 66.6 μL/min. As the negative control, RCA120 (100 ng/mL) was also injected. The temperature was 25 °C. The integration time was 8 ms, and the number of accumulation times was 2000. LSPR responses were monitored at A550 – A720 with time. All LSPR data were analyzed with OOIBase32 software (Ocean Optics, version 2.0).

• Product #612A – Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A Heavy Chain, Recombinant, Binding Domain

… All mice were then provided regular drinking water for 1 week. 1 mg OVA in 0.2M sodium bicarbonate (Feeding), or 1 mg OVA + 20 ug cholera toxin (List Biological; 100B) in 0.2M sodium bicarbonate (Tolerance, Allergy), were provided once per week for 3 weeks, followed by endpoint analysis 2 days after the final dose …

• Product #100B – Cholera Toxin (AZIDE-FREE) from Vibrio cholerae

… For double immunofluorescence labeling of CTb and Fos, sections were incubated overnight 292 with an anti-CTb goat serum (1:4,000; #703, List Biological Labs) and an anti-Fos rabbit serum 293 (1:10,000; PC38, Merck Millipore). …

• Product #703 – Anti-Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Goat)