Bacterial Toxin Research Citations

Induction of EAE

The EAE model was performed in the “Salari Institute of Cognitive and Behavioural Disorders (SICBD)”. The animal model was induced by injection of MOG35-55 (MEVGWYRSPFSRVVHLYRNGK) as is previously described51. Briefly, Under the anaesthesia caused by ketamine hydrochloride (50 mg kg − 1; Alfasan, Woerden-Holland) plus Xylazine (5 mg kg−1; Alfasan, Woerden-Holland), mice were immunized with 300 µg of myelin oligodendrocytes glycoprotein (MOG35-55; Sigma-Aldrich, United States) dissolved in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and emulsified with an equal volume of complete Freund adjuvant (CFA; 400 µg of Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Sigma Co, USA). Additionally, 300 ng of pertussis toxin (List Biological Labs, Campbell, CA, USA) was injected intraperitoneally, into all animals, on days 0 and 2.

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

… LPS from E. coli O111:B4 (List Biological Labs #201) …

• Product #201 – LPS from Escherichia coli O111:B4

Detection of Shiga toxin 2

Detection of Stx2 in the E. coli O157:H7 culture supernatants and in fecal samples from mice, described below, was carried out by ELISA, as previously described.38 Briefly, camelid anti-Stx antibody (List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA) was coated on a white MaxiSorp nunc plate (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Rockford, IL) and incubated overnight at 4°C. …

… Goat anti-PA (B. Anthracis) List Biological Laboratories Cat# 771B …

… Pertussis toxin (PTX) was purchased from List Biological Laboratories (CA, USA). …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

EAE induction

EAE was induced by immunization of 8–12 week-old mice with 200 μg of MOG35-55 peptide (GenScript) emulsified in complete Freund’s Adjuvant (400 μg desiccated Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37 Ra mixed with incomplete Freund’s adjuvant (BD Biosciences)). The emulsion was injected subcutaneously in a total volume of 100 μL in the hind flank under isoflurane anaesthesia. Intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of 200 ng pertussis toxin (List Biological Laboratories) were administered on the day of immunization and 48 hours later. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

2.2 Surgeries and tracer infusions

… Combinations of two retrograde tracer injections at different cortical locations were used. The tracers were fast blue (FB, Sigma-Aldrich, Gillingham, UK; 3% solution in PBS) and non-conjugated cholera-toxin b (CTB, List Biological Laboratories Inc, CA; 1% solution in .05-M tris). These two tracers exhibit different patterns when filling neuronal cell bodies (Köbbert et al., 2000). All FB injections were made mechanically and CTB injections were made either mechanically (22 cases) or iontophoretically (2 cases). All mechanical injections used a 1.0-μl Hamilton Syringe (Hamilton, Bonaduz, Switzerland). A dedicated syringe was used for FB and another for CTB. The tracers were infused at a flow rate of 20 ηl/min for 3–5 min, and the needle was left in situ for further 5 min before retraction. Iontophoretic injections were infused by a 6 s on/off pulse with 2-, 6- and 7-μA current for approximately 5 min each setting (total 15 min). The volume of the FB injections was 25–150 ηl (M = 73.75 ηl) and for CTB injections was 60–180 ηl (M = 78.33 ηl). …

• Product #104 – Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Choleragenoid) from Vibrio cholerae in Low Salt

… Two intraperitoneal injections of pertussis toxin, Bordetella pertussis (300ng) (List Biological Labs), were also administered to all mice on the day of induction and 48h thereafter …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

… Pertussis toxin (PTx) was obtained from List Biologicals (Campbell, CA, USA). …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

Mice

EAE induction was carried out using our standard protocol (Raveney et al, 2015). Briefly, mice were injected subcutaneously with 100 μg MOG35–55 peptide (synthesized by Toray Research Center, Chūō-ku, Tokyo, Japan) and 1 mg heat-killed mycobacterium tuberculosis H37RA emulsified in complete Freund’s adjuvant (Difco, KS, USA). One hundred nanogram Pertussis toxin (List Biological Laboratories, CA, USA) was injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) on days 0 and 2 after immunization. All peptides were synthesized by Toray Research Center (Chūō-ku, Tokyo, Japan).

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)