Bacterial Toxin Research Citations

… OVA (1 mg) was given by oral gavage (with each mouse receiving 10 µg of cholera toxin (CT); List Biologicals, Campbell, CA) twice a week for 4 weeks, and various monosaccharide-conjugated forms of OVA (OVA-Glu, OVA-Man, OVA-Fru, and OVA-Rib) and the control OVA were administered orally thrice a week for 4 weeks, as described in Figure 1.

• Product #100B – Cholera Toxin (AZIDE-FREE) from Vibrio cholerae

… After LPA pretreatment, the cells were stimulated for indicated time with 100 ng/ml ultrapure smooth LPS from Escherichia coli O111:B4 referred to as LPS (List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA, USA) …

• Product #421 – ULTRA PURE LPS from Escherichia coli O111:B4

Reagents:

rCTxB List Labs Cat# 103B

Tetanus toxoid List Biological Laboratories Cat# 191A

ELISA:

… Additional ELISA assays were performed by coating plates with 1 µg/mL recombinant protein antigens CtxB (Kauffman et al., 2016) and influenza HA-antigen (A/California/7/2009, eEnzyme). Minimum effective concentration was determined as the minimal concentration of mAb at which an OD signal was detectable 3-fold above the background signal measured by a negative control.

To determine serum titers against tetanus-toxoid protein, ELISA plates (ThermoScientific) were coated with 0.5 µg/mL of recombinant Tetanus toxoid (List Biological Laboratories) diluted in PBS and incubated overnight at 4°C. …

• Product #104 – Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Choleragenoid) from Vibrio cholerae in Low Salt
• Product #191 – Tetanus Toxoid from Clostridium tetani

Stimulation conditions:

iMos were primed with 200ng/mL LPS (Ultrapure LPS, Invivogen) for 3h. Inflammasome activation was performed with 10M nigericin (Life Technologies) and 5mM ATP (Sigma) for 1h or with 1mg/mL Silica (US-Silica), 1mM LeuLeuoMe (ChemImpex), lethal toxin (1g/mL lethal factor (List Biologicals), 1g/mL, protective antigen (List Biologicals), poly(dA:dT) (20ng/mL+0.5% lipofectamin 2000), LFn-PrgI (4g/mL (M. Geyer)+protective antigen 1g/mL) for 3 to 4h, 12 or 25g/mL PGN from S. Aureus (Invivogen) for 20h, 20g/mL R837 (Invivogen) for 1.5h, cytosolic LPS (Cholera toxin subunit B (CTB) (20g/mL+2g/mL LPS), or with DOTAP (3.75g/mL+750ng/mL LPS)) for 16h. …

Author did not indicate which specific lethal factor was utilized.  List Labs provides Product #172 (Anthrax Lethal Factor (LF), Recombinant from B. anthracis) and Product #169L (Anthrax Lethal Factor (LF-A), Recombinant from B. anthracis Native Sequence).

• Product #171 – Anthrax Protective Antigen (PA), Recombinant from B. anthracis

… collected by gentle pipetting, centrifuged at 300 3 g for 5 min at 25C, and resuspended in 3 ml of complete RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 10 ng/ml recombinant murine GM-CSF, 1 mg/ml LPS (LPS from Escherichia coli J5(Rc); List Biological Laboratories …

• Product #301 – LPS from Escherichia coli J5 (Rc)

… Diptheria toxin List Biological Laboratories #150 …

• Product #150 – Diphtheria Toxin, Unnicked, from Corynebacterium diphtheriae

Muscle afferents tracing:

 CTB (1%; 10 µl, List Biologicals) was injected into the extensor diaminobenzidine (DAB; Sigma) or streptavidin conjugated to FITC or Cy3. The following primary antibodies were used: goat anti- CTB (1: 1000, List Biologicals), …

• Product #104 – Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Choleragenoid) from Vibrio cholerae in Low Salt
• Product #703 – Anti-Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Goat)

… In LPS-neutralizing assays described below, we used smooth-type LPS from Escherichia coli O55:B5 (List Biological Laboratories, CA, USA) as an endotoxin. …

• Product #203A – LPS from Escherichia coli O55:B5

… A short paralytic half-time in the MPN assay reflects a high potency of the investigated toxin. After equilibrating the tissue in EBSS for 15 minutes the bath solution was replaced by a BoNT/A (List Laboratories, Campbell, CA, USA) containing solution …

Cell Ablation:

For ablation of neurons expressing Cre and FlpO drivers in addition to Tau^ds-DTR, mice were injected with diphtheria toxin (DT; 50 ng kg^-1 in 0.9% sterile saline, i.p.; List Biological Laboratories) at P28 and P31 (Bourane et al., 2015a). Analysis of spontaneous scratching in mice expressing NPY::Cre (and relevant controls) was performed at P35, 7 days following the first DT injection. For the double-Cre ablation experiment, controls were positive for Cre and Tau^ds-DTR alleles but lacked the Lbx1^FlpO allele and did not therefore express the diphtheria toxin receptor; however, all mice received DT. …

• Product #150 – Diphtheria Toxin, Unnicked, from Corynebacterium diphtheriae

Immunohistochemistry:

The following primary antibodies were used in this study: …  goat -CTB (1:4000; List Laboratories), …

• Product #703 – Anti-Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Goat)