Bacterial Toxin Research Citations

EAE induction, scoring, analysis and in vitro cell cultures:

Peptide-induced EAE was induced in SJL mice and C57BL/6 mice as previously reported [11,12]. … Mice also received 200ng of Bordetella pertussis (List Biological Lab) i.p. on the day of immunization and 2days later. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

… CT (from V. cholerae) was purchased from List Biological Laboratories (Campbell, CA), …

• Product #100B – Cholera Toxin (AZIDE-FREE) from Vibrio cholerae

Experimental Procedure:

On P10, cross-fostered ferret kits were randomized to receive an intraperitoneal 5 mg/kg dose of LPS (from Escherichia coli O111:B4, List Biological, CA, USA) or saline vehicle, before being returned to their jills for 4 h. LPS-injected animals were subsequently placed in a humidified chamber within a water bath, and underwent consecutive hypoxia, hyperoxia, and hypoxia (60 min at 9% O2, 120 min at 60% O2, and 30 min at 9% O2). …

• Product #201 – LPS from Escherichia coli O111:B4

Induced Model of Murine SLE:

This study was carried out in accordance with the recommendations of the Canadian Council on Animal Care. The protocol was approved by McGill University Animal Care Committee. C57BL/6 mice were obtained from Harlan Sprague Dawley Inc. (Indianapolis, IN, USA) and housed in a specific-pathogen-free animal facility at the animal facility of the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center. Female (1012-weeks-old) mice were injected intravenously (i.v.) with 100 L human 2-GPI (20 g) (Crystal Chem Inc., Elk Grove Village, IL, USA), followed 24 h later by a 100 L i.v. injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS from E.coli, serotype O111:B4; 10 g) (List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA, USA). 2-GPI and LPS injections were repeated every 2 weeks for a total of three rounds of immunizations, and then at 2-month intervals for the fourth and the fifth immunizations. C57BL/6 mice injected i.v. with PBS and LPS following the same schedule were used as controls. Mice were bled 1 week after the fifth immunization and serum was kept frozen at 70C until testing.

• Product #201 – LPS from Escherichia coli O111:B4

Neural tracer injection:

A glass pipette (tip diameter 30m) filled with tracer solution was introduced into the center of auditory regions visualized and identified using optical imaging, to 450m below the cortical surface so that tracer solutions spread to all the cortical layers. Here, we used a low-salt type cholera toxin subunit b (CTB) (#104; List Biological Laboratory, Campbell, CA) that is suitable for iontophoretic injection (Ruigrok et al., 1995). CTB was injected by carrying 70 pulses, 5 s on/ 5 s off anodal currents at an intensity of 4 A. Partly, dual injections of Alexa Fluor 488- and 555-conjugated CTBs (0.5% in 0.1 M phosphate buffer, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA) were made iontophoretically by 70 pulses, each. After finishing injections, a glass pipette was slowly withdrawn. The cranial hole was covered using 2% agarose (1-B, Sigma-Aldrich, MO) and the skin was sutured. Mice were placed in a warm place for recovery, and after awaking they were reared in their home cages.

• Product #104 – Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Choleragenoid) from Vibrio cholerae in Low Salt

EAE induction:

Female mice were immunized by subcutaneous injection of 200 ml emulsion (100 mg MOG3555 peptide [MEVGWYRSPFSRVVHLYRNGK, Sigma-Aldrich] in complete Freunds adjuvant emulsion [CFA, Difco] containing 500 mg Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra [Difco]). Mice were injected 100 ng pertussis toxin (List Biological Laboratories) intravenously 0 hr and 48 hr after immunization. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

EAE:

C57/BL6 mice were immunized (s.c. injection near inguinal LNs- 50ul per side) with 100ul/mouse of a 1:1 emulsion of Complete Freunds Adjuvant (CFA): Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) peptide amino acids 3535 (MEVGWYRSPFSRVVHLYRNGK), (MOG₃₅₅₅, Stanford Protein and Nucleic Acid Facility, Stanford, CA). CFA consisted of 5mg/ml mTB (Mycobacterium-tuberculosis H37 Ra, BD Difco) in IFA (Incomplete Freunds Adjuvant, Sigma). MOG₃₅₅₅ was reconstituted at 2mg/ml in PBS. Mice also received 200ng pertussis toxin (List Biological Laboratories, Inc) by i.p. injection at the time of immunization and two days later. 

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

EAE:

… 200 ng of pertussis toxin (List Labs, USA) was applied intraperitoneally (ip) on day 0 and 2 after immunization. Control mice were treated without MOG. All of the mice were weighted and scored daily as follows …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

… Purified (low protein and nucleic acid content) and lyophilized LPS from E. coli J5 strain was purchased from both List Biological Laboratories, Inc. (Campbell, CA) …

• Product #301 – LPS from Escherichia coli J5 (Rc)

EAE:

… A total of 250 ng of pertussis toxin (List Biologicals, Campbell, CA) was administered by i.p. injection at the time of immunization and 48 hours later. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)