Bacterial Toxin Research Citations

Retrograde tract tracing and immunofluorescence:

Retrograde tract tracing was performed using a 0.21% solution of cholera toxin B subunit (CTB; List Biological Labs), injected using standard stereotaxic coordinates (Paxinos and Franklin, 2001). Large areal injections of CTB were performed by pressure injection using a 33 gauge stainless steel needle and an automated syringe driver. For such injections 0.1l CTB was infused over 1 min, followed by a 5 min rest period before the needle was retracted. …

Antibody characterization:

Primary antibodies for immunofluorescence are described in Table 1.

List Biological Labs (Campbell, CA), goat polyclonal, #703
RRID: AB_10013220

• Product #703 – Anti-Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Goat)

Author did not specify which CTB was utilized.  List Labs provides Product #103B (Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Choleragenoid) from Vibrio cholerae)  and Product #104 (Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Choleragenoid) from Vibrio cholerae in Low Salt).

… Cytokine assays were performed using RAW 264.7 cells in 96-well plates. TNF- secretion was stimulated with LPS from Salmonella minnesota R595 (List Biological Laboratories) at 10 ng/mL. …

• Product #304 – LPS from Salmonella minnesota R595 (Re)

LPS Challenge and Multiplex Assay:

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (List Biological Laboratories, CA, USA) was reconstitute by saline and stored in a -20C fridge. At ZT1, 5mg/kg of LPS was administered into post-treated animals (6 month of age) by intraperitoneal (IP) injection. 24 hrs later, blood sample was collected during deep anesthesia by using the facial vein technique with an 18G syringe needle. …

Author did not specify which List Labs LPS product was utilized in their research.  List Labs provides the following LPS products:  https://listlabs.com/product-information/lipopolysaccharides/

In another series of experiments to address the role of M2 macrophages in endotoxin-induced ALI, mice received an i.p. injection of 15 g/kg DT for 3 consecutive days and were subsequently challenged with i.v. LPS (0.1 mg/kg; List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA) 24 hours after the last injection. Mice were sacrificed 2 hours later, and blood collection and lung tissue isolation were performed…

Author did not specify which List Labs LPS product was utilized in their research.  List Labs provides the following LPS products:  https://listlabs.com/product-information/lipopolysaccharides/

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis:

Disease induction and the clinical scoring of mice with EAE were performed as previously described. … For experiments in transgenic animals, C57BL/6 mice (n = 57/group) deficient of miRNA cluster miR-106a~363 (Jackson Laboratories, Bar Harbor, ME; stock number 008461)[41] and wild-type litter mates were immunized subcutaneously with 200 µg of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) peptide MOG3555 (Pepceuticals, Leicestershire, UK) supplemented with 800 µg H37RA and emulsified in 100 µL CFA with 100 µL PBS and received an i.p. injection of pertussis toxin (400 ng, List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA) with immunization and 2 days later. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

Induction of EAE:

… Mice were concurrently injected twice with 200 ng of pertussis toxin (List Laboratories, Campbell, CA) on days 0 and 2. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

Induction and assessment of EAE:

PdpnTG mice (552), WT mice, Pdpnfl/flCd4-Cre mice, Pdpnfl/fl mice, and Foxp3.GFP KI mice were injected s.c. with 100 µg MOG3555 peptide emulsified…Mice also received 100 ng pertussis toxin (List Biological Laboratories Inc.) i.v. on days 0 and 2 after immunization.

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

Reagents and antibodies:

… Un-nicked Diphtheria Toxin was purchased from List Biological Laboratories, Inc. (Campbell, CA) and was used to deplete Foxp3⁺ Tregs from DEREG mice [49] by administering 1g i.p. DT per two days from day -2 to day six p.i. …

• Product #150 – Diphtheria Toxin, Unnicked, from Corynebacterium diphtheriae

CCR2⁺ cell depletion strategy:

For depletions of CCR2⁺ cells, CCR2-DTR mice and control littermates received 250 ng of diphtheria toxin i.p. one day prior to infection. Diphtheria toxin was purchased from List Biological Laboratories (Campbell, CA) and reconstituted at 1 mg/ml in PBS. Aliquots were stored at 80C. The specificity and efficiency of depletion in the lung was confirmed by flow cytometry.

• Product #150 – Diphtheria Toxin, Unnicked, from Corynebacterium diphtheriae

… Prior to the start of surgery, animals were injected in the left hind quarter with ketoprofen (KetofenTM, Fort Dodge Animal Health, Fort Dodge, IA; 5 mg/kg S.C.). Animal were anesthetized with isoflurane (5% induction and 2% for maintenance, Henry Schein, Melville, NY). In order to label spinally projecting neurons in RVLM, each group of rats received an injection of cholera toxin B subunit (CTB, 1%, List Biological Laboratories, Inc., Campbell, CA), a retrograde tracer, into the T9-T10 region of the spinal cord as in previous studies (Quote Nicks and the NR1 paper). Briefly, rats were put in a stereotaxic head holder and the T9-T10 region of the thoracic spinal cord was exposed. CTB (3 X 30 nl) was microinjected bilaterally into the T9-T10 of the spinal cord. …

• Product #104 – Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Choleragenoid) from Vibrio cholerae in Low Salt