Bacterial Toxin Research Citations

Immunization and challenge

One-week-old neonatal BALB/c mice were immunized with five different substances via intranasal (i.n.) or footpad routes: live RSV A2 (5×104 PFU), Gcf (20 μg), Gcf (20 μg) with cholera toxin (CT; List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA) adjuvant (1 μg), and PBS were administered via the i.n. route whereas FI RSV A2 (1×105 PFU) was injected into mouse footpads. Two weeks later, mice were primed with the same antigen and adjuvant. At 4 to 5 weeks after the last immunization, all mice were challenged with live RSV A2 (1×106 PFU).

To test the maternal effect of antigen exposure before pregnancy, female BALB/c mice were i.n. infected twice with RSV A2 (1×105 PFU) or PBS at 2-week intervals, and mated 4 weeks after the last infection to obtain offspring. When their neonates were 1 week old, the mice were divided into two subgroups and immunized: one group was immunized i.n. with Gcf (20 μg) plus CT adjuvant (1 μg) twice at 2-week intervals and the other group (the control) was immunized with PBS alone. Five weeks after the final immunization, mice were challenged with live RSV A2 (1×106 PFU). At 4 days after challenge, the eosinophil population in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid was analyzed by flow cytometry, and a plaque assay was performed using lung homogenates.

• Product #100B – Cholera Toxin (AZIDE-FREE) from Vibrio cholerae

…Cholera toxin (CT) was purchased from List Biological Laboratories, Inc. (CA). …

• Product #100B – Cholera Toxin (AZIDE-FREE) from Vibrio cholerae

Endothelial cell permeability assay:

Human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC; Biological Products Branch, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA) were incubated at 37C and 5% CO₂ and cultured as recommended.¹⁹ Macromolecule permeability was measured as previously described²⁰ with slight modifications. …Inserts were placed in Ca²⁺-containing Hanks buffered saline solution with or without LPS (10g/ml, List Laboratories; Campbell CA), hAAT (0.5mg/ml) or both. Following either 6 or 24 h LPS treatment, FITC-labeled dextran 70kD…

Author did not specify which List Labs LPS product was utilized in their research.  List Labs provides the following LPS products:  https://listlabs.com/product-information/lipopolysaccharides/

Chemicals and reagents:

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS; from Escherichia coli 0111:B4) was obtained from List Biological Laboratories, Inc.

Cell culture and treatments:

The human lung adenocarcinoma epithelial cell line A549…The cells were treated with or without LPS (1 g/ml) and cytokine mixture (TNF-, IFN-, and IL-1, 20 ng/ml each) for up to 24 h before harvest of the conditioned media and cells for nitrite measurement and Western blotting…

• Product #201 – LPS from Escherichia coli O111:B4

EAE:

…Each mouse was immunized with subcutaneous injection of 100 µl MOG 3555 /CFA emulsion (containing 200 µg MOG 3555 ) and intraperitoneally injection with 200 ng of pertussis toxin (List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA) diluted in sterile PBS. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

EAE:

… Freunds adjuvant (both DIFCO; BD GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany). Pertussis toxin (200 ng; List Biological Laboratories, Epsom, UK) was injected on days 0 and 2 of immunization. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

Cell culture:

… Pertussis toxin (List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA, USA) was added to cells (100 ng/mL) for 16-20 h before addition of agonists.

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

Immunization strategies:

For generation of Th9 cells under autoimmune conditions, SJL/j mice were immunized s.c. in the hind anks with 100 mg proteolipid protein (PLP)139151 in 100 ml CFA, as previously described (21). On days 0 and 2, mice received 300 ng pertussis toxin (List Biological Laboratories) in 250 ml endotoxin-free PBS…

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

Exacerbation of EAE:

…A total of 200 ng pertussis toxin (List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA) was injected i.p. on days 0 and 2. The mice were monitored daily for clinical signs of EAE.

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

EAE:

…Simultaneously with rMOG as well as 48 h later, each mouse received intraperitoneally 200 µL Pertussis Toxin (PTX) (1 µg/mL in PBS) (List Biological Laboratories, CA). …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)