Bacterial Toxin Research Citations

Mouse immunizations:

Six- to eight-week-old female SJL/J mice were immunized with 300 mg AqpZ protein or a mixture containing equal ratios of homologous AqpZ peptides (AqpZ5567 [GHISGGHFNPAVT], AqpZ82101 [VGYVIAQVVGGIVAAALLYL], AqpZ174190, and AqpZ203220 [EQLWFFWVVPIVPGIIGG]) or homologous Aqp4 peptides (Aqp489101 [GHISGGHINPAVT], Aqp4116135 [VFYIAAQCLGAIIGAGILYL], AqpZ201217, and Aqp4228245 [ENHWIYWVGPIIGAVLAG]) (University of Illinois Proteomic Facility) and emulsied in CFA, as we reported previously (33, 36). Control mice were injected with CFA only. All of the mice also received 100 ng pertussis toxin (List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA) i.p. 24 h postimmunization (PI). …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

… Mice received an intravenous injection of 200 ng pertussis toxin (List Biological Laboratories) in 100 l PBS on the same day and at 48 h after the injection of TNF- and IFN-. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

Cell Lines and Chemicals:

… cholera toxin from List Biological Laboratories Inc. (CA, USA); …

Intestinal Fluid Secretion and Absorption Measurements in Mice:

… Loops were injected with 100 µl of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or PBS containing cholera toxin (1 µg/loop) with or without DQA (100 µM).

• Product #100B – Cholera Toxin (AZIDE-FREE) from Vibrio cholerae

… Purified LPS was purchased from List Biological Laboratories (San Jose, CA, USA). …

Author did not specify which List Labs LPS product was utilized in their research.  List Labs provides the following LPS products:  https://listlabs.com/product-information/lipopolysaccharides/

… immunized mice) (n = 10). These animals were inoculated intranasally twice with three weeks interval with 100 µg HS5 lysate + 5 µg cholera toxin (CT) (List Biological Laboratories Inc., Madison, NJ, USA). …

• Product #100B – Cholera Toxin (AZIDE-FREE) from Vibrio cholerae

Macrophage Culture Conditions:

We harvested primary macrophages using four mice per strain, by intraperitoneal lavage 4 days after injection with thioglycollate (BD, Sparks, MD, USA). … The next day, cells were incubated for 4 hr with 1% FBS DMEM media in control-treated cells, media plus 2 ng/ml LPS (List Biological Inc., Campbell, CA, USA), or media plus 50 g/ml OxPAPC.

Author did not specify which List Labs LPS product was utilized in their research.  List Labs provides the following LPS products:  https://listlabs.com/product-information/lipopolysaccharides/

… BMDMs were then replated in 6- or 24-well plates for experiments. BMDMs were primed with 0.5 mg ml21 Escherichia coli LPS serotype O1101:B4 (List Biological Laboratories) for 4 h and then stimulated with ATP (5 mM; Sigma), DOTAPtransfected flagellin (20 mg ml21 ; InvivoGen), or Lipofectamine 2000-transfected pcDNA3.1 (1 mg ml21 ; Invitrogen). …

• Product #201 – LPS from Escherichia coli O111:B4

Reagents:

… Pertussis toxin was purchased from List Biological Laboratories (Campbell, CA, USA). …

Induction and clinical evaluation of EAE and treatment with COAM:

For induction of hyperacute EAE in SJL/J mice, an emulsion was prepared consisting of 100 mg/ml of lyophilized SJL/J mouse spinal cord homogenate (SCH) in PBS and 4 mg/ml M. tuberculosis (strain H37Ra) in CFA. Chronic EAE was induced in IFN- KO BALB/c mice by injecting 50 g of MOG_35-55 peptide (1 mg/ml in saline) emulsified in IFA containing 4 mg/ml of M. tuberculosis. On day 0, mice were injected subcutaneously in each of the two hind footpads with 50 l of the emulsion. Immediately thereafter and on day 2, 100 ng of pertussis toxin in 50 µl saline was intravenously (i.v.) administered in the tail vein. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

Reagents:

Immediately prior to use, A was sonicated in a water-bath sonicator for 30 min. LPS (O111:B4) was purchased from List Biological Laboratories and sonicated for 30 minutes prior to use. …

Reactive oxygen species analysis:

Intracellular superoxide generation was measured as previously described (McDonald et al., 1997; ReedGeaghanetal.,2009).Briefly,1 105 IRAK4KI/KI orC57BL/6Jneonatal microglia were plated in a 24-well plate. Cells were switched to serumfree DMEM/F12 for 18 h and then stimulated with either fA 142 (5 M) or LPS (100 ng/ml) for 30 min in the presence of nitroblue tetrazolium(NBT;1mg/ml;Roche). …

• Product #201 – LPS from Escherichia coli O111:B4

Administration of diphtheria toxin in vivo:

Diphtheria toxin was purchased from one of two sources: … or List Biological Laboratories. …

Adult mice (69weeks of age) received two intramuscular injections of DT at 50ng/g, spaced 2 days apart.  Each injection contained 1 g of DT dissolved in 50 l of saline.  Mice received 0.4 ml of lactated Ringers solution by subcutaneous injection once or twice daily on days 36 after the first DT injection.  Between days 1 and 6 after the first DT injection, food was supplemented with high-calorie gel (Tomlyn/Vetoquinol from Nutri-Cal).

• Product #150 – Diphtheria Toxin, Unnicked, from Corynebacterium diphtheriae