Bacterial Toxin Research Citations

Challenge with anthrax toxin or MEK pathway inhibitors:

At indicated time points, cultured cells were treated with fresh medium containing 2 g/ml PA or 2 g/ml LT (2 g/ml PA plus 2 g/ml LF), both from List Biological Laboratories, Inc., Campbell, CA. An equal volume of diluent was used as a negative control. Duration of treatment was 24, 72, or 144 h or as indicated. …

Author did not indicate which specific lethal factor was utilized.  List Labs provides Product #172 (Anthrax Lethal Factor (LF), Recombinant from B. anthracis) and Product #169 (Anthrax Lethal Factor (LF-A), Recombinant from B. anthracis Native Sequence).

• Product #171 – Anthrax Protective Antigen (PA), Recombinant from B. anthracis

Materials:

Highly purified CT was obtained from List Biological Laboratories (Campbell, Ca.). CT was radiolabeled with 125I using the Iodo-gen method as described by Fraker and Speck (1978). …

Preparation of membranes from post nuclear supernatant of a Vero cell homogenate:

Vero cells were grown to confluency in 175cm2 culture flasks and maintained in culture for at least 14 days before harvesting. … Cells were then labeled with 125I-CT (106cpm /2 ml 10nM) in the same medium containing 0.01 % bovine serum albumin for 30 min at 4°C to allow binding without endocytosis. …

Gradient centrifugation:

Subcellular fractionation was always performed on freshly prepared post nuclear membranes or PNS from cells labeled with 125I-CT. …

• Product #100B – Cholera Toxin (AZIDE-FREE) from Vibrio cholerae

Treatments and sensitization with ovomucoid:

… Days of age were equivalent to experimental days. On days 14, 21, and 35, intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of 100 g of purified Ovm, prepared in lab (33), adjuvanted with 10 µg of cholera toxin (List Biologicals, CA), were given to all pigs as previously described …

• Product #100B – Cholera Toxin (AZIDE-FREE) from Vibrio cholerae

… Cholera toxin (CTx) was purchased from List Biological Laboratories, Inc …

• Product #100B – Cholera Toxin (AZIDE-FREE) from Vibrio cholerae

Preparation of fusion proteins and CT-conjugates:

…  CT-OVA and CTB-OVA conjugates were produced using the crosslinker N-succinimidyl 3(2-pyridyldithio) propionate, (SPDP). CT (LIST Biological Laboratories), rCTB (provided by Dr. J. Holmgren at the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden) and OVA were coupled to SPDP and conjugated as described before [351]. Concentration of the conjugates, and the OVA content, was determined by ELISA against a standard dilution of CT, CTB and OVA. The molar ratio of OVA to CT or CTB was 4:1.

• Product #100B – Cholera Toxin (AZIDE-FREE) from Vibrio cholerae

 Formulation of adjuvants:

Cholera toxin (List Biological Labs) …

• Product #100B – Cholera Toxin (AZIDE-FREE) from Vibrio cholerae

… In the 12 hours after the chloral hydrate (500mg/kg) was subjected to perfusion fixation under general anesthesia, to prepare frozen sections of the brain and spinal cord. Blocking (0.3% hydrogen peroxide/PBS for 30 minutes, in addition, 3% NDS + 0.25% TX/PBS at room temperature, 1 hour), goat anti-CTB antibody (List biologicals) at room temperature …

• Product #703 – Anti-Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Goat)

… Cholera toxin B, Cholera toxin B subunit (cholerogenoid), Goat serum, List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA; …

Author did not specify which CTB was utilized.  List Labs provides Product #103B (Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Choleragenoid) from Vibrio cholerae)  and Product #104 (Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Choleragenoid) from Vibrio cholerae in Low Salt).

• Product #703 – Anti-Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Goat)

Immunohistochemistry:

… For visualization of Fos in CTb neurons, Fos was stained as described above followed by incubating the same tissue sections in goat anti-CTb (1:20,000 List Labs) overnight, and then biotinylated donkey anti-goat secondary (1:500, Jackson), followed by ABC (1:500). Finally, sections were incubated in DAB to yield a brown reaction product in the cytoplasm.

• Product #703 – Anti-Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Goat)

… Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Salmonella minnesota R595 was purchased from List Biological Laboratories (Cambell, CA). …

• Product #304 – LPS from Salmonella minnesota R595 (Re)