Bacterial Toxin Research Citations

Experimental Procedures 

Mice, Virus, and DT Administration:

… Diphtheria toxin (100 ng) (List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA) was administered intraperitoneally on days 5 and 7 after LCMV-Cl 13 infection.

• Product #150 – Diphtheria Toxin, Unnicked, from Corynebacterium diphtheriae

Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE):

IP KO mice and WT C57BL/6 mice were subcutaneously immunized with 20 µg of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) peptide 3555 (Sigma) in 100 µl PBS emulsified with an equal volume of Freunds complete adjuvant containing 5 mg/ml Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37RA (Difco). The mice were injected with 100 ng of pertussis toxin in 100 µl PBS (List Biological Laboratories) intraperitoneally on days 0 and 2 after immunization. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

… Natural purified BoNTs were purchased from List Laboratories (BoNT/A in the DC form) …

… Recently, botulinum neurotoxin serotype A assay with a large immune-sorbent surface area (BoNT/A ALISSA) was developed by immobilizing the toxins on the surface of protein A beads and utilized a synthetic substrate of BoNT/A SNAPtide (U.S. Patent 6,504.006, List Biological Laboratories) …

• Product #520 – SNAPtide Peptide Substrate (o-Abz/Dnp) for C. botulinum Type A Neurotoxin

… 300 ng pertussis toxin (PTX; List Biological Laboratories Quadratech, Epsom, UK) in 300 µl sterile phosphate buffered saline (PBS) was given on the day of immunization and 48 h later. Ten non-immunized mice served as negative controls. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

Induction of EAE:

EAE was induced in 6- to 8-wk-old wild-type or Sema4A-decient mice on a C57BL/6 background by s.c. injection of 100 mg mouse/rat MOG3555 peptides (MEVGWYRSPFSPVVHLYRNGK) emulsied in CFA, in addition to two i.v. injections of 100 ng pertussis toxin (List Laboratories) on days 0 and 2. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

Surgical Procedures:

… Microinjection of retrograde tracers. Rats (n 22) were placed in a stereotaxic apparatus (Kopf, Tujunga, CA), and a midline incision ( 2 cm) was made along the dorsal surface of the skull. Muscle and fascia were bluntly dissected to visualize bregma and lambda, which were then positioned in the horizontal plane.In three animals, PVN injections were performed as described above, and microinjections were also made bilaterally in the RVLM. … In these animals, we used two retrograde tracers, FG and cholera toxin B (CtB, 1% in deionized water, List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA). The site of injection (PVN or RVLM) for the individual tracers was varied. …

• Product #104 – Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Choleragenoid) from Vibrio cholerae in Low Salt

Animal models of anthrax infection:

… Groups of female Hartley guinea-pigs (250-280 g) were immunized by intramuscular injection into the hind leg with 0.2 ml of 50 g of PA (List Biological Laboratories, Inc.), D4 or PDGA-D4 absorbed to 25% aluminum hydroxide (Alhydrogel) on days 0, 14 and 28. …

• Product #171 – Anthrax Protective Antigen (PA), Recombinant from B. anthracis

Preparation and use of primary microglial cultures:

Primary microglia were isolated and cultured from the cortices of 23-day-old mice as described (Esen and Kielian, 2005). When mixed glial cultures reached confluency after 710 days, flasks were shaken overnight at 200 rev./min at 37C to detach microglia from the more firmly adherent astrocytes. Cells in suspension (>95% pure CD11b+ microglia) were collected and 110⁵ cells plated into each well of 96-well plates. The next day, microglia were stimulated for 24 h either with NSV or a known TLR ligand in a total volume of 200 l as follows: 110⁶ pfu NSV (infectious virus particle-to-cell ratio of 10:1), 100 ng/ml Escherichia coli LPS (lipopolysaccharide) (List Biological Laboratories) (a TLR4 stimulus), …

Author did not specify which List Labs LPS product was utilized in their research.  List Labs provides the following LPS products:  https://listlabs.com/product-information/lipopolysaccharides/

… cholera toxin (10 µg/ml) (List Biological Laboratories Inc.), and epidermal growth factor …

• Product #100B – Cholera Toxin (AZIDE-FREE) from Vibrio cholerae