Bacterial Toxin Research Citations

Reagent type (species) or resource

Antibody Goat Anti-Cholera Toxin B Subunit List Biological Laboratories, Inc Catalog #: 703

• Product #703 – Anti-Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Goat)

Light-Chain Activity High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (LCA-HPLC) Assay

… Next, 25 μL of 200 μM SNAPtide 520 (List Biological Laboratories Inc., Campbell, CA, USA) was added to each reaction tube (equivalent to 13.3 μM SNAPtide 520) followed by incubation at 30 °C for 20 h (digestion step). Reactions were quenched following the addition of 25 μL of 5% trifluoroacetic acid (TFA). The contents of each tube were then transferred to HPLC vials for analysis. The fluorescently-labeled cleavage product(s) were separated and detected via a reverse-phase (RP)-HPLC method [28] using a Waters 2695 XE Separations Module and a Waters 2475 Multi λ Fluorescence Detector (Waters Corp., Milford, MA, USA). In brief, 25 µL of cleavage products were loaded onto a Symmetry C18 column (300 Å, 3.5 µm, 4.6 mm × 150 mm; Waters Corp.), maintained at 35 °C. Separation was accomplished using a 10−90% CH3CN (0.1% TFA) gradient for 30 min, with a flow-rate of 1 mL/min. The column effluent was monitored fluorescently (excitation λ = 322 nm, emission λ = 420 nm) to detect the o-aminobenzoic acid fluorophore on the N-terminal cleaved fragment of SNAPtide 520. SNAPtide cleavage product (#529, List Biological Laboratories, Inc.) was utilized to identify retention time of the cleavage product, as #529 is the unquenched calibration peptide for SNAPtide 520 substrate for C. botulinum type A neurotoxin.

• Product #520 – SNAPtide® Peptide Substrate (o-Abz/Dnp) for C. botulinum Type A Neurotoxin
• Product #529 – Unquenched Calibration Peptide for SNAPtide® 520 Substrate for C. botulinum Type A Neurotoxin

… In addition, 150 ng of Pertussis toxin (List Biologic Laboratories, Meudon, France) was given intravenously on the same day and 2 days later …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

… Pertussis toxin (500 ng; List Biological Laboratories Inc., Campbell, CA, USA) was intraperitoneally injected on the same day (day 0) and 2 days post-immunization (PI). After immunization, mice were monitored daily for weight loss and clinical signs …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

Reagents

… C. difficile TcdA and TcdB toxoids (formaldehyde inactivated; List Biological Laboratories Inc. Campbell, USA) were used at 10µg/mL and 5µg/mL respectively. …

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis immunization

C57BL/6 mice were immunized subcutaneously (s.c.) in the flank with 200 μg of MOG35–55 peptide emulsified in complete Freund´s adjuvant (CFA) containing 0.1 mg Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Becton Dickinson) along with an intraperitoneal injection of 200 ng pertussis toxin (List Biological Laboratories Inc.) on the day of immunization and two days later. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

Experimental design animal study
A schematic representation of the experimental timeline is depicted in Fig. 1B. Mice were orally exposed, by using a blunt needle, to 0.5 mL raw milk, the milk samples heated at 50 °C, 60 °C, 65 °C, 70 °C, 75 °C, 80 °C or PBS (as a control) for eight consecutive days (days-9 to -2). Subsequently, mice (n = 8 per group) were orally (by means of gavage) sensitized to 20 mg ovalbumin (OVA; 20 mg per 0.5 mL PBS; grade V; Sigma-Aldrich) using 15 μg cholera toxin (CT; List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA, USA) as an adjuvant (days 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28). …

• Product #100B – Cholera Toxin (AZIDE-FREE) from Vibrio cholerae

… Anthrax lethal factor (#172C) and Anthrax protective antigen (#171E) were from List Biological Labs, Inc. …

• Product #171E – Anthrax Protective Antigen (PA), Recombinant from B. anthracis
• Prodcut #172 – Anthrax Lethal Factor (LF), Recombinant from B. anthracis

Reagents
… Cholera toxin List Biological Laboratories Cat#100B …

• Product #100B – Cholera Toxin (AZIDE-FREE) from Vibrio cholerae

Treg cell isolation and adoptive transfer

… Diphtheria toxin (List Biologicals, CA) was administered via intraperitoneal injection in 100µL of sterile PBS in the following doses and days relative to influenza A virus infection (day 0): 50 mcg/Kg on day -2 and 10 mcg/Kg every 48 hours starting on day 0 and ending on day 28 post-infection. Five days later, 1 x 106 young or aged splenic Treg cells in 100 µL of sterile PBS were transferred via retro-orbital injection into the
influenza-treated Foxp3DTR mice.

• Product #150 – Diphtheria Toxin, Unnicked, from Corynebacterium diphtheriae