Bacterial Toxin Research Citations

… CTB: Five adult (>100 day old) GAD-GFP mice were injected with cholera toxin subunit (CTB; List Biological Labs, Campbell, CA). Injections targeted the vibrissae representation …

<• Product #104 – Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Choleragenoid) from Vibrio cholerae in Low Salt

Lethal toxin and signaling inhibitors:

Recombinant protective antigen and wild-type lethal factor or lethal factor mutant (E687C) were obtained from List Biologicals (Campbell, CA) …

In vitro lethal toxin assay with Rag1^-/- splenocytes or human tonsillar lymphocytes:

100,000500,000 splenocytes per well were incubated in a round bottom 96 well plate in IMDM media supplemented with 10% FBS, 100 U/ml pencillin, 100 U/ml streptomycin, IL-2 (20 ng/ml) and IL-7 (10 ng/ml). Human tonsillar lymphocytes (2×10⁶) were plated in 200 l RPMI media supplemented with 10% FBS, 100 U/ml penicillin, 100 U/ml streptomycin, non-essential amino acids, sodium pyruvate, IL-2 (20 ng/ml), IL-7 (10 ng/ml) and IL-1 (20 ng/ml). For initial lethal toxin experiments splenocytes/tonsillar lymphocytes were cultured in media containing in 0.1% serum to minimize the effect of serum on lethal factor enzyme activity. After the initial period of lethal toxin treatment (3 hrs), serum was replenished to a full concentration of 10%. Cells after toxin treatment were stimulated with recombinant mouse or human IL-23 (50 ng/ml) (eBioscience) for 18 hrs. Cell supernatants were harvested by centrifugation at 1,500 rpm for 5 minutes and then used for the measurement of IL-22.

In vitro lethal toxin assay with MNK-3 cells:

MNK-3 cells (an ILC3 cell line) were cultured in MNK-3 media (DMEM (High glucose), 10% FBS, 100 U/ml penicillin, 100 U/ml streptomycin, 2 mM Glutagro, 1 mM sodium pyruvate, 10 mM HEPES, 55 M -mercaptoethanol, 5 g/ml gentamicin, 10 ng/ml IL-7 and 10 ng/ml IL-15). For lethal toxin experiments MNK-3 cells were cultured in media containing 10 ng/ml IL-7. Cells were treated with lethal toxin for 2 hrs followed by IL-23 stimulation for 6 hrs. Cell lysates were analyzed for RNA and supernatants were analyzed for secreted IL-22 by ELISA.

Lethal Toxin (LT) = PA + LF

• Product #171E – Anthrax Protective Antigen (PA), Recombinant from B. anthracis

Author did not specify which Lethal Factor (LF) was utilized; List Labs provides the following LF:

• Prodcut #172 – Anthrax Lethal Factor (LF), Recombinant from B. anthracis
• Product #169L – Anthrax Lethal Factor (LF-A), Recombinant from B. anthracis Native Sequence

Reagents:

The following reagents and concentrations were used in experiments: 100 ng/ml Ultra-Pure LPS (List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA, USA), …

Author did not specify which List Labs LPS product was utilized in their research.  List Labs provides the following LPS products:  https://listlabs.com/product-information/lipopolysaccharides/

EAE:

… Pertussis toxin (List Biological Laboratories) was given iv at day 0 (200 ng) and at day 2 (400 ng) after immunization. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

… After the left masseter muscle was exposed, a glass capillary pipet … filled with 0.5% cholera toxin B subunit (CTB, List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA, USA), was inserted into the muscle, and 0.1 µl of CTB was injected. … 

• Product #104 – Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Choleragenoid) from Vibrio cholerae in Low Salt

… The Pertussis toxin (PTX) was obtained from LIST Biologicals. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

Materials and Methods:

LPS from Escherichia coli O111:B4 was purchased both from List Biological Laboratories,  Inc. (Campbell, CA) …

Western blotting for cyclooxygenase-2:

Human PMNs (5 106 cells/mL) were suspended in M199 medium and pre-treated with or without PAF or OxPLs (0.1 M) for 30 min followed by LPS (100 ng/mL) for 3 hours at 37 .

Quantification of IL-8:

Human PMNs were suspended in M199 media containing HEPES (25 mM, pH 7.2) and preincubated with POVPC, PGPC or C-4 PAF (0.1 M) for 30 min followed by LPS (100 ng/mL) for  3 hours.

• Product #201 – LPS from Escherichia coli O111:B4

Intragastric Sensitization, OIT, and Challenges:

The timeline of the animal experiment is depicted in Figure 1. At experimental day (D) 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28, mice were sensitized i.g. to the cows milk protein whey (DMV International, Veghel, The Netherlands) dissolved in PBS (20 mg whey in 0.5 ml PBS, Lonza, Verviers, Belgium) using cholera toxin (CT) as an adjuvant (15 µg CT in 0.5 ml PBS, List Biological Laboratories Inc., Campbell, CA, USA). …

• Product #100B – Cholera Toxin (AZIDE-FREE) from Vibrio cholerae

… In some experiments, DRG neurons were pretreated overnight with… pertussis toxin (PTX, List Biological Labs., Inc) in the supplemented MEM. ASIC cDNA construct isolation Plasmids expressing ASIC channel proteins were constructed in pCI (Promega) … 

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

… and SNAPtide520 (oAbz/Dnp) and SNAPtide521 (FITC/ DABCYL) peptide substrate for Clostridium botulinum Type A neurotoxin was from List Biological Laboratories Inc. …

• Product #520 – SNAPtide Peptide Substrate (o-Abz/Dnp) for C. botulinum Type A Neurotoxin
• Product #521 – SNAPtide Peptide Substrate (FITC/DABCYL) for C. botulinum Type A Neurotoxin