Bacterial Toxin Research Citations

Viral transneuronal tracing experiments:

The viral transneuronal labeling experiments followed the same protocol as described in a previous publication from our laboratory (39). Sprague-Dawley male and female rats (n = 60) were anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium (50 mg/kg ip) and placed in a stereotaxic apparatus. The skull was leveled, and a craniotomy was performed. A glass micropipette (25-m tip diameter) containing a mixture of the Bartha strain of pseudorabies virus (PRV; K. Platt, Iowa State University, Ames, IA) and cholera toxin -subunit (CTb; 0.1% salt free; no. 103B, List Biological, Campbell, CA) was advanced into the NAc with a micromanipulator. A 40-nl injection of a mixture of the Bartha PRV (5 l; titer = 1 10⁸ plaque-forming units/ml) and 0.1% CTb (2 l) made in a 0.02 M potassium phosphate buffer was delivered over 15 min using a hand-held air pressure injection system. …

To evaluate the injection site, forebrain sections at the level of the NAc were reacted with a polyclonal goat anti-CTb (1:25,000, no. 703; List Biological), as described previously (39). …

• Product #104 – Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Choleragenoid) from Vibrio cholerae in Low Salt

… The anterograde tracer Phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin (PHA-L; 2.5% in 0.1 M phosphate buffer, Vector Laboratories, Burlingame, CA,) and the retrograde tracers cholera toxin subunit b (CTb; low salt, 1% in distilled water, List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA) and …

• Product #104 – Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Choleragenoid) from Vibrio cholerae in Low Salt

… A unilateral placement of 1% low salt CTb (List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA, USA) was targeted at the medial NTS (0.4 mm rostral, 0.4 mm lateral and 0.4 mm ventral, relative to the calamus scriptorius). …

• Product #104 – Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Choleragenoid) from Vibrio cholerae in Low Salt

…BoNTA (List Biological Laboratories, Inc.) were used as indicated.

…Pertussis toxin (PTX) was purchased from List Biological Laboratories Inc. (Campbell, CA, USA). …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

… Here, full-length cholera toxin (CT, 100B; List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA, USA) was added as adjuvant, 10 µg CT/mouse/feeding. The CT was mixed with the plant extracts and administered to mice simultaneously via the feeding tube. …

• Product #100B – Cholera Toxin (AZIDE-FREE) from Vibrio cholerae

Microglial Cell Culture:

Mixed glial cell cultures were prepared from whole brains of P2-3 mice. … Following incubation for 24h, cells were stimulated with LPS (10ng/mL in PBS, List Biological Laboratories Inc., Campbell, CA) with or without the 7R agonist AR-R 17779 …

Author did not specify which List Labs LPS product was utilized in their research.  List Labs provides the following LPS products:  https://listlabs.com/product-information/lipopolysaccharides/

Cytoplasmic Delivery of Bacterial Lysates and LPS:

Salmonella minnesota LPS was purchased from List Biologicals…

• Product #304 – LPS from Salmonella minnesota R595 (Re)

Clostridial neurotoxin preparation for Western blotting:

VAMP-specific tetanus neurotoxin light-chain (TeNT-LC) and botulinum neurotoxins B and D light-chain (BoNT/B-LC and BoNT/D-LC, respectively) were purchased from List Biologicals Laboratories, Inc. (Campbell, CA). Control neurotoxin solutions were placed in a boiling water bath for 30 min to denature and inactivate the neurotoxins.

Clostridial neurotoxin preparation for pressure injection:

The lyophilized form of TeNT-LC and BoNT/B/D-LC was reconstituted with a solution consisting of 100 mM KCl and 300 M 3 kDa neutral dextran-Texas red (Life Technologies Corp., Carlsbad, CA) such that the concentration of TeNT-LC and BoNT/B-LC were 0.5 g/L and BoNT/D-LC was 0.3 g/L. The fluorescent dextran-Texas red dye was used to allow visualization of neurotoxin injection. Control neurotoxin solutions were denatured in a boiling water bath for 30 min.

…10 ng/ml cholera-toxin (List Biological Laboratories, Inc …

• Product #100B – Cholera Toxin (AZIDE-FREE) from Vibrio cholerae