Bacterial Toxin Research Citations

Cell culture procedures:

… Naturally immortalized keratinocytes (NIKS) were grown together with NIH 3T3 feeder cells in FAD medium, containing Ham’s F-12 medium…and 20 mg of cholera toxin (List Biological Laboratories).

• Product #100B – Cholera Toxin (AZIDE-FREE) from Vibrio cholerae

Antibodies:

…LPS (LIST Biological Labs, Campbell, California). …

In vitro cytokine analysis:

Microglia were cultured at 110⁶ cell/ml overnight followed by 18 hrs of LPS (100 ng/ml) stimulation. Supernatants were centrifuged to remove cellular debris and stored at 70C until analyzed by ELISA. For intracellular cytokine analysis cells were treated with 1 l Golgi-plug containing Brefeldin A (BD Biosciences) and LPS (100 ng/ml) for 6 hrs at which point supernatants were collected and the remaining cells lysed for intracellular cytokine analysis. …

Author did not specify which List Labs LPS product was utilized in their research.  List Labs provides the following LPS products:  https://listlabs.com/product-information/lipopolysaccharides/

Leukocyte isolation and cell culture:

… Lipopolysaccharide (List Biological Libraries Inc, Campbell, CA) is used at a final concentration of 100 ng/ml. …

Author has specified that the following List Labs LPS was utilized in this research:

• Product #201 – LPS from Escherichia coli O111:B4

Retrograde and Transganglionic Labeling using Cholera Toxin b Subunit:

Cholera toxin b subunit (CTb) was used to retrogradely label the motor pools of selected forelimb muscles and to anterogradely (i.e., transganglionically) label muscle afferents as a means to help localize CST terminations. CTb preferentially labels myelinated afferents [18], [19]. Studies have shown a correspondence between CTb-labeled proprioceptive afferents and intra-axonally labeled group 1 afferents [20] and group 1 field potentials [21]. We performed multiple injections of CTb (11000, List Laboratories) unilaterally into the deltoid, elbow flexor, and the wrist extensor compartments (42.5 µL; 33 ga. Hamilton syringe). Our intent was to label selectively muscles that act at the same joint. …

• Product #104 – Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Choleragenoid) from Vibrio cholerae in Low Salt

Assay for LPS-Stimulated Human Whole Blood:

Whole blood from seventy healthy volunteers was collected into EDTAVacutainertubes.Assayswereperformedafterdiluting the blood samples 9:1 in RPMI-1640 media supplemented with glutamine and antibiotics. Aliquots of 2mL of diluted blood per well were equally divided into LPS stimulated (100ng/mL of E. coli LCD25; List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA, USA) …

• Product #314 – LPS from Escherichia coli K12 strain LCD25

Materials:

…CT …were purchased from List Biologicals (Campbell, CA). …

Assay for Holotoxin Disassembly:

CT was appended to a GM1-coated SPR sensor slide as previously described [18]. PDI (0.1 mM) was then perfused over the CT-coated sensor in PBS containing 0.05% Tween 20, 1 mM GSH, and either grape seed or grape pomace extract. …

CTA1 Translocation and Secretion Assays:

HeLa cells exposed to GM1 and CT were processed as described above for the toxin transport assay, except (i) media samples were collected before lifting the cells from the plates; (ii) the cell pellet was resuspended in 1 mL HCN/digitonin buffer; and (iii) the cytosolic fraction was collected and diluted to a final volume of 1 mL in HCN buffer. …

• Product #100B – Cholera Toxin (AZIDE-FREE) from Vibrio cholerae

Cell culture and treatment:

…cholera toxin (10 ng/ml; List Biologicals, Campbell, CA), …

• Product #100B – Cholera Toxin (AZIDE-FREE) from Vibrio cholerae

Experimental Protocol:

Autoimmune cholangitis was induced as previously described …injected intraperitoneally (I.P.) into 8 week-old female B6 mice. The mice were subsequently boosted 2 weeks later with 2OA-BSA in incomplete Freunds adjuvant (IFA, Sigma-Aldrich). Additionally, mice received 100 ng of pertussis toxin (List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA) on the same day and 2 days following the initial …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

… They were also injected with 500 ng of pertussis toxin (List Biological Laboratories, Inc, Campbell, CA) intraperitoneally on Day 0 and 2. 20 µg of cholera toxin (List Biological Laboratories, Inc, Campbell, CA)…100 ng/ml of LPS (List Biological Laboratories) …

• Product #100B – Cholera Toxin (AZIDE-FREE) from Vibrio cholerae

Author did not specify which List Labs LPS product was utilized in their research.
List Labs provides the following LPS products: https://listlabs.com/product-information/lipopolysaccharides/

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

… Bordetella pertussis toxin (200 ng, PTX, List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA) was administered intra-peritoneally at days 0 and 2 post-immunization. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)