Bacterial Toxin Research Citations

Experimental Procedures:

Animals – Cgrp-GFP^/ female mice (McCoy et al., 2012) (available from MMRRC:36773) were crossed with male Advillin-Cre^/ mice (Hasegawa et al., 2007) to generate double heterozygous CGRP^+/; Advillin-Cre^+/ (CGRP-DTR^+/) mice. Heterozygous offspring were used for all experiments and have one functional Calca allele. All mice were backcrossed to C57BL/6 mice for at least eight generations.

Diphtheria toxin (DTX; List Biological Laboratories, Product 150) was dissolved in sterile 0.9% saline and stored at 20C in aliquots that were thawed once. DTX from List Biological was used for all (of the following) experiments…(1) Sensory neuron markers in lumbar DRG from CGRP-DTR+/- mice. (2) CGRP-IR afferents ablated in hairy skin.  (3) Ablation of Mrgpra3-expressing (chloroquine receptor) DRG neurons in CGRP-DTR+/- mice. (4)  DTX-treatment does not affect cold or heat sensitivity in wild-type mice or body weight.

• Product #150 – Diphtheria Toxin, Unnicked, from Corynebacterium diphtheriae

… 1.5 hours after the adaptation of animals to experimental conditions control measurements of recorded parameters were made (twice with 30 min interval). Injection of endotoxin (3 g/kg, lipopolysaccharide, LPS, Escherichia coli, 0111:B4, List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA; lot No LPS-25E) or apyrogenic saline (APS, Abbott Laboratories, North Chicago, IL 60,064; lot No 18-379-DK) was performed intraperitoneally of intravenously through silicone catheter in the amount not exceeding 0.5 ml. Tr monitoring was continuously carried out for at least 7 hours after the injection. 

• Product #201 – LPS from Escherichia coli O111:B4

… Pertussis toxin (PTX) stock Dissolve PTX (List Biological Laboratories) in sterile 0.1 M NaPO 4 /0.5 M NaCl, pH 7.0. Do not sterile filter the solution. Store in evaporation-resistant containers 6 to 12 months at 4C. The high ionic strength helps preserve PTX activity for long-term storage at 4C.

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

Bone Marrow-derived Macrophage (BMDM) Isolation and Culture:

… For stimulation/activation, media were changed on day 6 to low glucose DMEM (5.5 mm) with 1% non-essential amino acids (Invitrogen), 7% FBS, 30% L929 cell-conditioned medium, and antibiotics. BMDMs were variably stimulated with…ultrapure LPS (E. coli 0111:B4; List Biological Laboratories, Inc., Campbell, CA), …

• Product #421 – ULTRA PURE LPS from Escherichia coli O111:B4

Induction and treatment of EAE:

… Pertussis toxin (200 ng; List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA, USA) in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) was administered iv on days 0 and 2. For preventive or treatment protocols of EAE, …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

Measurement of antigen-specific IgG levels by ELISA:

…To measure anti-tetanus toxoid IgG titers and determine IgG subclass, we randomly selected plasma samples from eight pairs of matched HbAA and HbAS children in each age group (35, 68 and 911 years) and tested them (n = 48) at a 1500 dilution. Tetanus toxoid was purchased from List Biological Laboratories, Inc. (Campbell, CA).

• Product #191 – Tetanus Toxoid from Clostridium tetani

… Toxin activity in culture supernatants was quantified based on a standard curve, which was generated using known concentrations of purified C. difficile toxin B (List Biological Laboratories, Inc). Assays were performed in triplicate for each isolate tested. …

• Product #155 – Toxin B from Clostridium difficile

Fluorescent Tracing Using Cholera Toxin B Subunit:

…Sections were incubated with a goat anti- CTB antiserum (List Biological Laboratories,# 703, 1: 60000) in PBS-XD overnight at room temperature. …

• Product #703 – Anti-Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Goat)

Induction of EAE in mice by immunization with MOG and adjuvant and treatment with different hexamers:

EAE was induced by procedures… All mice were administered 400 ng of pertussis toxin (List Biological) intraperitoneal at 0 and 48 h post-immunization. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

Specimen Preparation and EM:

The BoNT/A1 (Product #130), /B (Product #136), and /E (Product #141) PCs were purified by List Biological Laboratories and stored in lyophilized form.