Bacterial Toxin Research Citations

Reagents:

… The Anthrax Lethal Factor and Anthrax Protective Antigen were obtained from List Biological Laboratories, INC.

Assay for the screening of the small molecule library against APA and ALF:

An analyzing solution consisting of 10 L of the Small molecule-carrying MRnS
and 2,000 L DI water was prepared. Samples containing different concentrations of free
toxin (APA or ALF, 2 pM to 20 nM, in 1X PBS buffer) were prepared and 2 L of each
sample was added to 200 L of the MRnS analyzing solution (Small molecule-MRnS). A
negative control sample was prepared in the same fashion, adding 2 L fresh 1X PBS
buffer instead of toxin (0 M APA or ALF control sample). Magnetic relaxation
measurements were performed every 15 minutes of incubation at room temperature for 1
hour. …

Author did not indicate which specific lethal factor was utilized.  List Labs provides Product #172 (Anthrax Lethal Factor (LF), Recombinant from B. anthracis) and Product #169 (Anthrax Lethal Factor (LF-A), Recombinant from B. anthracis Native Sequence).

• Product #171 – Anthrax Protective Antigen (PA), Recombinant from B. anthracis

Antigens:

…Tetanus toxoid was obtained from List Biological Laboratories (Campbell, CA).

• Product #191 – Tetanus Toxoid from Clostridium tetani

HT29 and Vero cell cytotoxicity assays:

…The plates were incubated for 48 h (37C; 5% CO2) to let monolayers form before addition of C. difficile culture supernatants…. Cell supernatants from isogenic toxin A B mutants were used as negative controls (20). Pure toxin A and toxin B (List Biological Laboratories) were used as positive controls, so that the detection limit of each assay could be determined in terms of the toxin concentration. The detection limit of the HT29 cell cytotoxicity assay was 100 pg/ml toxin A, and the detection limit of the Vero cell cytotoxicity assay was 25 pg/ml toxin B. …

• Product #152C – Toxin A from Clostridium difficile
• Product #155 – Toxin B from Clostridium difficile

… Cholera toxin (CT) was purchased from List Biological Laboratories, Inc. (Cambell, CA). …

Experimental design.

According to our standard PE sensitization protocol, mice were sensitized to PE by intragastric exposure to PE (6 mg PE, 200 µl/mouse) with CT (15 µg/mouse) on three consecutive days (day 0, 1, and 2) followed by weekly dosing (days 7, 14, 21, and 28). …

• Product #100B – Cholera Toxin (AZIDE-FREE) from Vibrio cholerae

Mucosal sensitization was achieved via intragastric gavage of 25 µg of cholera toxin (List Biological Laboratories, CA, USA) and 500 µg of peptic-tryptic-digest of gliadin (PT-gliadin) dissolved in 0.02 M acetic acid. …

• Product #100B – Cholera Toxin (AZIDE-FREE) from Vibrio cholerae

… TLR agonists included ultrapure LPS from Salmonella minnesota (TLR4; List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, Calif) and …

Measurement of pDC activation:

Human newborn cord and adult peripheral blood was stimulated with TLR agonists at 37C, with end-over-end rotation for 19 hours.

• Product #434 – ULTRA PURE LPS from Salmonella minnesota R595 (Re)

LPS treatment and organ harvest:

Endotoxemia was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of highly purified lipopolysaccharide from Escherichia coli (UP-LPS, 5 mg/kg i.p., strain O111:B4, endotoxin activity level as assessed by chromogenic limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) assay 2.575 10⁶ EU/mg and 6.75 10⁶ EU/mg, List Laboratories) under short isoflurane narcosis while sham treatment consisted of anesthesia and vehicle injection (0.9 % saline). Functional and molecular studies were conducted 24 hours after sham or UP-LPS injection unless otherwise stated.

• Product #421 – ULTRA PURE LPS from Escherichia coli O111:B4

RelA Translocation Assay OT-II CD90:

1+ CD4+ T cells were isolated from spleen and lymph nodes with a CD4+ T cell isolation kit (Myltenyi Biotec) and 0.5-1 x 106 cells were adoptively transferred into CD90.2+ wild-type recipients.  The next day, recipient mice were injected intravenously with 5 g of Escherichia coli LPS (List Biological Laboratories) diluted in PBS and then a day later, some mice were iinjected intravenously with 100 g of chicken ovalbumin
peptide 323-339 (OVAp) (Invitrogen) diluted in PBS. …

Author did not specify which List Labs LPS product was utilized in their research.  List Labs provides the following LPS products:  https://listlabs.com/product-information/lipopolysaccharides/

… For measurements of cytokine release in T84 cells, T84 cell monolayers were stimulated apically with serum-free medium containing LPS (10 g/ml; List Biological Laboratories, CA, USA), and basolaterally with TNF- …

Author did not specify which List Labs LPS product was utilized in their research.  List Labs provides the following LPS products:  https://listlabs.com/product-information/lipopolysaccharides/

LPS lung injury:

After induction of anesthesia, 100 l of a 1 mg/ml aqueous solution of LPS (List Biological Laboratories) was instilled via an intratracheal P10 catheter (Fisher). …

Author did not specify which List Labs LPS product was utilized in their research.  List Labs provides the following LPS products:  https://listlabs.com/product-information/lipopolysaccharides/