Bacterial Toxin Research Citations

Mice and Immunizations:

… In CD11c-DTR mice, DCs were depleted by i.p. injection of 8 ng diphtheria toxin (DT) (List Biological Labs) per gram body weight, in combination with rear footpad injection of 10 ng of DT each, all 12 hours before VRP injection.

• Product #150 –  Diphtheria Toxin, Unnicked, from Corynebacterium diphtheriae

Phage display and phage ELISA:

… To measure the activity of phage-displayed scFvs, phage ELISAs were performed in high-binding 96-well plates (Costar) coated with 1 g/ml KJ126 monoclonal antibody (BD Pharmingen; to assess DO11.10 scFv activity), 16 g/ml anthrax protective antigen (List Labs; 14B7), …

• Product #171 – Anthrax Protective Antigen (PA), Recombinant from B. anthracis

Materials:

… Protective antigen was acquired from List Biologicals (Campbell, CA), …

• Product #171 – Anthrax Protective Antigen (PA), Recombinant from B. anthracis

Tissue processing and data analysis:

After 57 days of survival, galagos were sacrificed using an overdose of sodium pentobarbital (80 mg/kg) and perfused with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS: pH 7.4) followed by 2% paraformaldehyde, and finally with a solution of 2% paraformaldehyde with 10% sucrose. The brains were removed, the cortex was separated from underlying brain structures, the sulci were opened, and the brain was flattened as described … The cortical sections were divided into four series and processed for cytochrome oxidase (CO; Wong-Wiley, 1979), myelin (Gallyas, 1979), or CTB using a protocol described in Baldwin et al. (2011) (Table 1). The last series was not processed, but instead mounted directly onto slides and coverslipped for fluorescent analysis of neurons labeled with FR. The brainstem was processed in five series, which were CO, CTB, FR, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE: Geneser-Jensen and Blackstand, 1971); the fifth series was set aside and processed as part of another study. Here we describe only the results from cortex and the locations of injections in the SC.

… Table 1. Antibody Characterization. Antigen, Immunogen, Manufacturer, Dilution factor. Cholera toxin subunit B, Purified CTB isolated from Vibrio cholerae, List Biological Laboratories (Campbell, CA), goat polyclonal #703, 1:5,000. …

• Product #703 – Anti-Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Goat)

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis:

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis was induced in 4-mo-old male B6 or B6.Sle1c2 mice. On day 0, mice received an emulsion of 50 mg myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein peptide sequence 3555 and 500 mg Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Difco) in IFA (Sigma-Aldrich) via s.c. injections at the base of the tail. In addition, 500 ng pertussis toxin (List Biologicals) was administered i.p. on days 0 and 2. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

… Pertussis toxin (PTX); List Biologicals, USA

 Induction of active EAE:

… Immunization of C57BL/6 mice with ovalbumin was performed as follows: 250 µg OVA- protein and 800 µg H37RA emulsified in CFA were injected subcutaneously, followed by two intraperitoneal doses of 400 ng PTX in PBS at the time of immunization and 48 hr later.

Induction of active EAE in Rag1-/- or Rag1-/-Thy1.21 mice reconstituted with CD4+ and/or CD8+ T cells was induced by 100 µg MOG35-55-peptide or 50 g OVA257-264-peptide and 400 µg H37RA emulsified in CFA, followed by two intraperitoneal doses of 200 ng PTX in PBS at the time of immunization and 48 hr later.
Induction of active EAE in SJL mice was induced by subcutaneous immunization with 250 µg PLP139-151 peptide and 800 µg H37RA emulsified in CFA. PTX (200 ng) was injected intraperitoneally at the time of immunization and 48 hr later when the disease course was studied, but was omitted when lymph node cells were isolated to generate PLP-specific CD4+ T cells in vitro. 

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

EAE:

… Incomplete Freund’s adjuvant and heat-inactivated Mycobacterium tuberculosis (H37Ra) were obtained from Difco Laboratories (Detroit, Michigan), and pertussis toxin was obtained from List Biological Laboratories (Campbell, CA). …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

EAE induction:

EAE was induced in WTand Kv1.3 KO mice by s.c. injection over two sites in the ank with 100 mg myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG 35 55) peptide (The Johns Hopkins Peptide Synthesis Core Facility) emulsied in CFA (Difco, Detroit, MI). A total of 250 ng pertussis toxin (List Biologicals, Campbell, CA) was administered at the time of immunization and 48 h later by i.p. injection. Mice were monitored daily for clinical signs of EAE and given a clinical score based on the following criteria: …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

EAE induction by active immunization:

For EAE induction, female WTand GILT2/2 mice were immunized by s.c. injections with either 300 mg MOG3555, or 100 mg rMOG proteins in CFA (Difco, Detroit, MI) with 300 mg Mycobacterium tuberculosis on days 0 and 7. Mice received i.p. injections of 500 ng pertussis toxin (PTX) (List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA) on days 0 and 2. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

Animals and surgical procedures:

Adult male Harlan SpragueDawley rats … were anesthetized with an equal mixture (1 ml/kg body weight) of ketamine (50 mg/ml) and xylazine (10 mg/ml), delivered intramuscularly; supplements of 0.5 ml ketamine were given if required…

Under anesthesia, each animal received a single, stereo-taxically placed iontophoretic co-injection of a mixture of 2.5% PHA-L (#L-1110; Vector, Burlingame, CA) and 0.25% CTB (#104; List Biological, Campbell, CA) prepared in 0.1 M sodium phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.4). …

• Product #104 – Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Choleragenoid) from Vibrio cholerae in Low Salt