Bacterial Toxin Research Citations

Cell stimulation

… Bacillus anthracis Lethal Factor (0.5 mg mL -1) and Protective Antigen (0.5 mg mL -1) (Lethal toxin, List Labs, …

• Product #171E – Anthrax Protective Antigen (PA), Recombinant from B. anthracis

Author did not specify which Lethal Factor (LF) was utilized; List Labs provides the following LF:

• Prodcut #172 – Anthrax Lethal Factor (LF), Recombinant from B. anthracis
• Product #169L – Anthrax Lethal Factor (LF-A), Recombinant from B. anthracis Native Sequence

… Cholera toxin subunit beta (CTB, 1% in 2 µl PBS; 103B, List Biological) axonal tracer was injected intravitreally 1 day prior to sacrifice. …

• Product #104 – Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Choleragenoid) from Vibrio cholerae in Low Salt

… Cholera toxin List Biologicals Cat#100B …

• Product #100B – Cholera Toxin (AZIDE-FREE) from Vibrio cholerae

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

For induced EAE, mice were immunized subcutaneously with 100 μg of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG35–55) peptide emulsified in CFA, which was made from incomplete Freund adjuvant (Difco) plus Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Difco). Mice were intraperitoneally injected with 200 ng of pertussis toxin (List Biological Laboratories) on the day of immunization and 2 days later. The mice were observed daily for clinical signs and scored as described previously. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

Intracellular cytokine staining

… Cells were plated at a density of 1 × 106 cells/well in a 96-well U-bottom plate and stimulated at 37°C with either 1 μg/ml of each peptide in the pool, 0.25 μg/ml staphylococcal enterotoxin type B (List Biological Laboratories), or 0.2% DMSO (Sigma-Aldrich). After 6 h, stimulations were stopped by adding EDTA at a final concentration of 2 mM, and samples were stored overnight at 4°C.

Antibodies and reagents

… PTX was from List Biological Laboratories. …

Calcium fluorimetry

… For studies of PTX inhibition of calcium signaling, cells were treated with 100 ng/ml PTX or vehicle concurrent with addition of doxycycline. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

… Additionally, they received 150ng PT (List laboratories) on day 0 and 2 after immunization. To induce EAE in RAG1 KO mice, CD4+ T cells were isolated from …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

… All animals were injected with 250 ng pertussis toxin (List Biological Laboratories, PTX181, USA) intraperitoneally on the day of immunization and on day 2 after first …

• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)

… Neuronal ablation Mice carrying the Hes2iCre;hCdx2::FlpO alleles in addition to the effector Tauds-DTR received i.p. injections of diphtheria toxin (DTX, 50 ng/gram of weight; List Biological Laboratories) at P28 and P31, or saline solution in equal volume as control. …

• Product #150 – Diphtheria Toxin, Unnicked, from Corynebacterium diphtheriae

Experimental human endotoxemia

All endotoxemia-related procedures were performed according to our standard continuous LPS-infusion protocol (12). In short, subjects were admitted to the research unit situated on the Medium Care department of the Radboud university medical center for approximately ten hours. Subjects had to refrain from consumption of alcohol and caffeine (24 h), and food and drinks (12 h) prior to LPS administration. Upon admission on the first LPS challenge day, two antebrachial venous cannulas were placed to allow administration of fluids, study medication and LPS. A radial artery catheter (BD Infusion Therapy Systems, Sandy, Utah, USA) was placed under ultrasound guidance to allow serial blood sampling and continuous hemodynamic monitoring. To reduce the risk of vasovagal responses (14), hydration fluids (2.5% glucose/0.45% sodium chloride) were administered as an initial prehydration bolus of 1.5L in the 45 min prior to LPS administration, and at a rate of 150 mL/hr for the remainder of the experiment. After prehydration, a bodyweight adjusted bolus dose of 1 ng/kg LPS (E. coli type O:113, lot no. 94332B1; List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, USA) was administered intravenously, directly followed by continuous infusion of LPS at a rate of 0.5 ng/kg/hr for three hours. Blood samples were serially obtained to construct time-concentration curves of circulating cytokines. Heart rate and intra-arterial blood pressure were measured using a 4-lead electrocardiogram (M50 Monitor, Philips, Eindhoven, the Netherlands) and a radial artery pressure transducer (Edwards Lifesciences, Irvine, California, USA). Hemodynamic parameters were recorded every 5 s using in-house developed software. Every 30 min, body temperature was measured using a tympanic thermometer (FirstTemp Genius 2, Covidien, Dublin, Ireland). Flu-like symptoms (headache, nausea, cold shivers, myalgia and back pain) were scored every 30 min using a numeric six-point Likert scale (0 = no symptoms, 5 = worst ever experienced). A composite score was then calculated as the sum of all previous elements, resulting in a total symptom score ranging from 0 to 25. Furthermore, general malaise was scored on an eleven-point scale (0 = no symptoms, 10 = worst ever experienced).

• Product #9433 – GMP LPS Lipopolysaccharide List™ Hpt™ From Escherichia Coli Type O113