Bacterial Toxin Research Citations

Experimental animal procedures

… Whey‐sensitized mice were sensitized orally via gavage with 20 mg of homogenized whey (WPC60; Milei, Friesland Campina) in 500 µL phosphate‐buffered saline (PBS), containing 10 µg cholera toxin (CT) (List Biological Laboratories) as an adjuvant.33 Sham‐sensitized mice received 10 µg CT in 500 µL PBS. Mice were sensitized once a week for 5 consecutive weeks, starting at day 14 (Figure 1). …

• Product #100B – Cholera Toxin (AZIDE-FREE) from Vibrio cholerae

Pharmacological Drugs

… Innate and inflammatory stimuli were used at the indicated concentrations: … LPS (List Biological Laboratories, INC, 100 ng/ml).

Author did not specify which List Labs LPS product was utilized in their research.
List Labs provides the following LPS products: https://listlabs.com/product-information/lipopolysaccharides/

Active induction of EAE

Active EAE was induced by immunization with the myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) peptide 35–55 (MEVGWYRSPFSRVVHLYRNGK). 100 μg MOG35–55 peptide was emulsified in complete Freund’s adjuvant supplemented with M. tuberculosis extract H37Ra (Difco) and injected subcutaneously. Mice received 150 ng pertussis toxin (List Biological Laboratories) intraperitoneally on days 0 and 2.  …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized.  List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:

Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

Adenoid cell culture as activation-induced marker (AIM) assay

AIM assays were modified based on Ref. [28]. In brief, cryopreserved adenoid suspension cells prepared as “HLAC” were thawed, and then cultured in 96U-well plates with 1.4 × 106 cells/well in 200 µl CMT medium unless stated otherwise. Cells were either left unstimulated, or were stimulated with Pertussis Toxin mutant (PT; enzymatically inactive point mutant, highly purified and low endotoxin-tested, List Biological Laboratories via Biotrend) at 0.1, 1 or 5 µg/ml final concentration. As a control, cells were stimulated with the superantigen Cytostim (Miltenyi Biotec). Cells were cultured for 18–19 h in the AIM assay and subsequently, AIM markers PD-L1, CD25 and OX40 were measured on non-Treg T cells by flow cytometry. For details and variations of the AIM assay, as well as antibody panels, see Supplemental materials and methods Sections 3–6.

• Product #184 – Pertussis Toxin Mutant

… After another rinse they were transferred to a mixture of two primary antibodies, polyclonal goat anti-CTB (List Biological Laboratories, product #703, 1:7500) …

• Product #703 – Anti-Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Goat)

… Clostridium difficile Toxin B (100 ng/mL; List Biologicals), …

• Product #155 – Toxin B from Clostridium difficile

rARU quantification

… Purified rARU (List Biological Laboratories, Inc. Campbell, CA) was used as the standard, and assay plates were read on UV/VIS microplate spectrophotometer (SpectraMax190 Molecular Devices, Sunnyvale, CA) at 450 nm and 620 nm.

• Product #152C – Toxin A from Clostridium difficile

Oral sensitization experiment

To investigate the oral sensitizing capacity of the two whey products, BN rats (4‐8 weeks of age, only females) were dosed by gavage with 10 mg of either WPI or HT‐WPI together with 20 µg cholera toxin (CT, List Biological Laboratories Inc) in 0.5 mL PBS (n = 12/group). Rats were dosed three times per week (Monday, Wednesday and Friday) for five weeks. Ten days after the last dosing, blood samples were collected from the sublingual vein, converted to serum and stored at −20°C until analysis (overview of animal experimental design in Figure 3A).

• Product #100B – Cholera Toxin (AZIDE-FREE) from Vibrio cholerae

… Pertussis toxin was obtained from List Biological Laboratories (CA, USA). …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

… cholera toxin subunit B (ctb) (1.2% diluted in saline, List Biological Labs, catalog #103A) was microinjected for retrograde anatomical experiments in the volume of 6.9nL. (Goat anti.ctb, List Biological Labs, catalog#703). …

• Product #104 – Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Choleragenoid) from Vibrio cholerae in Low Salt
• Product #703 – Anti-Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Goat)