Bacterial Toxin Research Citations

Mouse Colonic Organ Culture:

Mouse fetal colonic tissues were obtained at E 18.5 with or without HC treatment during pregnancy, and 10-wk-old adult mice colonic tissues were cut into 3-mm pieces and cultured under conditions described in the human colonic organ culture section. After 2h at 37 C, tissues were stimulated with ultra purified LPS 0111:B4 from Escherichia coli (List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA) or PBS for 45min and 6h. Supernatants were collected and stored at 20 C for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analysis.

• Product #421 – ULTRA PURE LPS from Escherichia coli O111:B4

Reagents and Materials:

… Lipopolysaccaride (LPS) from Salmonella typhimurium was from List Biological Laboratories (Campbell, CA, USA). …

GBS Coculture with Extraplacental Choriodecidual Membranes:

GBS in early exponential growth phase was diluted with DMEM/1% FBS to an estimated 110⁶ colony forming units/mL (CFU/mL). Inoculant concentrations were validated by overnight growth on 5% sheep blood agar with erythromycin. GBS was heat killed by incubating bacterial culture at 70 C for 15 min. Lack of viability was confirmed by plating GBS on 5% sheep blood agar. LTA and LPS treatments were made in DMEM/1% FBS. Following a 24-h acclimation, the medium of the choriodecidual punches was replaced with 1 mL GBS inoculant (~110⁶ CFU/mL), LTA (1 g/mL), LPS (100 ng/mL), or fresh DMEM/1%FBS (control). Following 24 h of incubation with GBS, medium from the choriodecidual punches was filtered through a 0.2 m pore filter to remove the bacteria, and then stored at 80 C: this medium is referred to as GBS conditioned choriodecidual medium in this study. Medium from choriodecidual punches treated with LTA or LPS for 24 h was also 0.2 m filtered and then stored at 80 C: this medium is referred to as LTA or LPS conditioned choriodecidual medium. Coculture experiments were conducted in triplicate using extraplacental membranes from a minimum of seven women.

Amnion Epithelial Cell Isolation:

… Amnion epithelial cells were treated with either GBS choriodecidual conditioned medium, LTA (10 g/mL), LPS (100 ng/mL), …

• Product #225 – LPS from Salmonella typhimurium

Reagents and plasmids:

… Purified LPS from Escherichia coli was obtained from List Biological Laboratory Inc. (Campbell, CA, USA) and dissolved in endotoxinfree water. …

Gambogic acid suppresses the expression of cytokines at both mRNA and protein levels in LPS-stimulated bone marrow-derived primary macrophages:

We investigated the effects of gambogic acid on TLR4 ligand-induced cytokine expression in bone marrow-derived primary macrophages (BMDMs). When BMDMs were stimulated with LPS, a TLR4 ligand, gambogic acid reduced the protein levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF, IL-1, IL-12, and IL-6 (Fig. 2), as well as the mRNA levels (Fig. 3), both of which are normally increased by LPS, demonstrating that the inhibitory effects of gambogic acid were achieved at the transcriptional level. …

Author did not specify which List Labs LPS product was utilized in their research.  List Labs provides the following LPS products:  https://listlabs.com/product-information/lipopolysaccharides/

… TLR reagents: … LPS (Escherichiacoli. 0111:B4, List Labs, Campbell, CA). …

Preparation of human MoDCs:

… Alternatively, The control MoDCs were transfected with scramble, non-targeting siRNA (scRNA/snRNA). MoDC were titrated with the optimal concentrations: R848 (5 g/ml), LPS (250 ng/ml),

• Product #201 – LPS from Escherichia coli O111:B4

Induction of the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model and assessment of the clinical severity of the EAE:

… Female WT and TRPM2-KO mice were subcutaneously (s.c.) immunized in both flanks with the MOG₃₅₅₅ peptide … An i.p. injection of 200 ng pertussis toxin (List Biological Laboratories, Inc., Campbell, CA) was administered at the time of the induction and again 48 h later. Control mice were treated with CFA and pertussis toxin alone. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

… Pertussis toxin (PTX) was purchased from List Biological Laboratories, Inc. (Campbell, CA, USA). …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

EAE:

… Mice received three 100 µl (total volume of 300 µl) injections subcutaneously on their back. Mice also received intraperitoneal (ip) injections of 200 ng pertussis toxin (List Biological Laboratories, INC., Campbell, CA) on days 0 and 2 post-immunization. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

C4 dorsal column injury:

… Three days prior to sacrifice, animals were injected bilaterally into the sciatic nerve with a 1%wt/vol solution of the transganglionic tracer cholera toxin B (CTB; List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA) in dH₂O using a 36ga NanoFil syringe.

Sacrifice and tissue processing:

… Animals were deeply anaesthetized with ketamine cocktail and transcardially perfused with ice-cold PBS  Antibodies used for fluorescent immunohistochemistry were: goat anti-CTB [1:10,000; 3-day incubation] (List Biological Laboratories, Cat# 703, …

• Product #104 – Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Choleragenoid) from Vibrio cholerae in Low Salt
• Product #703 – Anti-Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Goat)

Reagents:

… LPS (Escherichia coli-derived, serotype O111:B4; List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA);…

Generation of ₂GPI-specific T Cell Hybridoma C3hB-1.5:

The C3hB-1.5 T cell hybridoma was generated from a C57BL/6 mouse that had received four biweekly intravenous immunizations of human ₂GPI (20 g) on Day 1 and LPS (10 g) on Day 2 as described previously…

• Product #201 – LPS from Escherichia coli O111:B4

Histology and immunohistochemistry:

For the CtB experiment, CtB-injected animals were perfused 7 d after CtB injections into the LH, and an antibody directed against CtB (1:100; List Biological Laboratories) was used to localize AcbSh neurons that project into the LH.

• Product #703 – Anti-Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Goat)