Bacterial Toxin Research Citations

Injection of purified toxins:

HIOs were prepared and injected as described above. For these experiments, purified C. difficile toxin A (TcdA) or B (TcdB)…152C or 155D, respectively; List Biological Laboratories), reconstituted at a concentration of 1 g/ml, aliquoted, and stored at 80C. Due to lot-to-lot variation, each new lot was tested for toxin activity using the Vero cell cytotoxicity assay. Each HIO was injected with approximately 2 l of either 12.8 ng/l TcdA or 25.6 ng/l TcdB with 1 mM FD4. For each experiment, a new aliquot of toxin was thawed and used.

• Product #152C – Toxin A from Clostridium difficile
• Product #155 – Toxin B from Clostridium difficile

… 1 nM cholera toxin; List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA. …

• Product #100B – Cholera Toxin (AZIDE-FREE) from Vibrio cholerae

… type culture collection, Manassas,USA) L-glutamine/phenol red D-MEM (Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Me dium) / Ham’s F-12 with (Wako Osaka, Japan) 2.5% Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS)100 ng/ml (#100B; List biological laboratories, INC. …

• Product #100B – Cholera Toxin (AZIDE-FREE) from Vibrio cholerae

Clinical Study of Autologous Oral Mucosal Epithelial Cell Sheets for Endoscopy:

… Next, the cells were placed in trypsin and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) for 20min to form single-cell suspensions, which were then seeded onto temperature-responsive culture inserts (Fig.1b) (UpCell Insert, 23.4mm in diameter; Cell Seed, Tokyo, Japan) and cultured in keratinocyte culture medium … 1 nM cholera toxin [List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA, USA], …

• Product #100B – Cholera Toxin (AZIDE-FREE) from Vibrio cholerae

Immunizations and HSV-2 challenge:

… For intranasal (in) immunization, anesthetized mice received 1 µg cholera toxin (CT, List Biologicals Laboratories) with…

• Product #100B – Cholera Toxin (AZIDE-FREE) from Vibrio cholerae

Oral immunization and sample collection:

… Mice were orally administered with freeze‐dried plant tissues [suspended in PBS (22 mg/350 μL) of different volume depending on the vaccine protocols] with or without adjuvants [cholera toxin (List Biological Laboratories, Inc., Campbell, CA), …

• Product #100B – Cholera Toxin (AZIDE-FREE) from Vibrio cholerae

Retrograde tract tracing and immunofluorescence:

Retrograde tract tracing was performed using a 0.21% solution of cholera toxin B subunit (CTB; List Biological Labs), injected using standard stereotaxic coordinates (Paxinos and Franklin, 2001). Large areal injections of CTB were performed by pressure injection using a 33 gauge stainless steel needle and an automated syringe driver. For such injections 0.1l CTB was infused over 1 min, followed by a 5 min rest period before the needle was retracted. …

Antibody characterization:

Primary antibodies for immunofluorescence are described in Table 1.

List Biological Labs (Campbell, CA), goat polyclonal, #703
RRID: AB_10013220

• Product #703 – Anti-Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Goat)

Author did not specify which CTB was utilized.  List Labs provides Product #103B (Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Choleragenoid) from Vibrio cholerae)  and Product #104 (Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Choleragenoid) from Vibrio cholerae in Low Salt).

… Cytokine assays were performed using RAW 264.7 cells in 96-well plates. TNF- secretion was stimulated with LPS from Salmonella minnesota R595 (List Biological Laboratories) at 10 ng/mL. …

• Product #304 – LPS from Salmonella minnesota R595 (Re)

LPS Challenge and Multiplex Assay:

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (List Biological Laboratories, CA, USA) was reconstitute by saline and stored in a -20C fridge. At ZT1, 5mg/kg of LPS was administered into post-treated animals (6 month of age) by intraperitoneal (IP) injection. 24 hrs later, blood sample was collected during deep anesthesia by using the facial vein technique with an 18G syringe needle. …

Author did not specify which List Labs LPS product was utilized in their research.  List Labs provides the following LPS products:  https://listlabs.com/product-information/lipopolysaccharides/

In another series of experiments to address the role of M2 macrophages in endotoxin-induced ALI, mice received an i.p. injection of 15 g/kg DT for 3 consecutive days and were subsequently challenged with i.v. LPS (0.1 mg/kg; List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA) 24 hours after the last injection. Mice were sacrificed 2 hours later, and blood collection and lung tissue isolation were performed…

Author did not specify which List Labs LPS product was utilized in their research.  List Labs provides the following LPS products:  https://listlabs.com/product-information/lipopolysaccharides/