Bacterial Toxin Research Citations

Animal models of anthrax infection:

… Groups of female Hartley guinea-pigs (250-280 g) were immunized by intramuscular injection into the hind leg with 0.2 ml of 50 g of PA (List Biological Laboratories, Inc.), D4 or PDGA-D4 absorbed to 25% aluminum hydroxide (Alhydrogel) on days 0, 14 and 28. …

• Product #171 – Anthrax Protective Antigen (PA), Recombinant from B. anthracis

Preparation and use of primary microglial cultures:

Primary microglia were isolated and cultured from the cortices of 23-day-old mice as described (Esen and Kielian, 2005). When mixed glial cultures reached confluency after 710 days, flasks were shaken overnight at 200 rev./min at 37C to detach microglia from the more firmly adherent astrocytes. Cells in suspension (>95% pure CD11b+ microglia) were collected and 110⁵ cells plated into each well of 96-well plates. The next day, microglia were stimulated for 24 h either with NSV or a known TLR ligand in a total volume of 200 l as follows: 110⁶ pfu NSV (infectious virus particle-to-cell ratio of 10:1), 100 ng/ml Escherichia coli LPS (lipopolysaccharide) (List Biological Laboratories) (a TLR4 stimulus), …

Author did not specify which List Labs LPS product was utilized in their research.  List Labs provides the following LPS products:  https://listlabs.com/product-information/lipopolysaccharides/

… cholera toxin (10 µg/ml) (List Biological Laboratories Inc.), and epidermal growth factor …

• Product #100B – Cholera Toxin (AZIDE-FREE) from Vibrio cholerae

Animals and treatments:

All animal care and experimental procedures were in accordance with the National Institutes of Health guidelines and were approved by the Animal Use Committee of the University of Toyama. Male Hartley guinea pigs, weighing 200350 g, were injected with LPS (i.p.; 300 gkg¹; Escherichia coli 055; List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA) …

NOTE:  At the time this paper was written, Product #203 (5mg – LPS from Escherichia coli O55:B5) was utilized.

Product #203 (5 mg – LPS from Escherichia coli O55:B5) is no longer sold.

Product #203A (2.5 mg – LPS from Escherichia coli O55:B5) is available for purchase.

• Product #203A – LPS from Escherichia coli O55:B5

Production and purification of BoNT/A and TeNT:

TeNT was purchased from List Biological (CA). …

Entry of HCR/T and HCR/A into primary cortical neurons:

Binding and entry into cortical neurons were monitored by total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy. … Toxin entry was measured by analyzing the epitope-tagged receptor binding domains of BoNT/A (HCR/A) and TeNT (HCR/T), which are nontoxic but retain the structure-function properties and compete with CNTs for entry into cells (9, 10, 33). …

• Product #190 – Tetanus Toxin from Clostridium tetani

… The B. anthracis proteins, protective antigen (PA), edema factor (EF), and lethal factor (LF) were purchased from List Biological Laboratories, Inc. and required HRP labeling prior to analysis. …

Author did not indicate which specific lethal factor was utilized.  List Labs provides Product #172 (Anthrax Lethal Factor (LF), Recombinant from B. anthracis) and Product #169 (Anthrax Lethal Factor (LF-A), Recombinant from B. anthracis Native Sequence).

• Product #171 – Anthrax Protective Antigen (PA), Recombinant from B. anthracis

Author did not specify which List Labs Anthrax Edema Factor was utilized.  List Labs provides Product #178A(Anthrax Edema Factor (EF), Recombinant from B. anthracis) and Product #173B (Anthrax Edema Factor (EF), Recombinant, Mutant S447N from B. anthracis).

… Recombinant Bacillus anthracis lethal factor (LF) and Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin light chain A (BoNTALC) were obtained from List Laboratories (Campbell, CA; 169A and 610A, respectively). …

Protease Inhibition Assay:

Protease inhibition assays were performed as described
previously (25), but with modifications. Biotinylated green
fluorescent protein (GFP) protease substrates for LF, BoN-
TALC, and a protease-resistant substrate (pinpointGFP)
were prepared and loaded on streptavidin microspheres as
described previously (14,25,26). Additions to wells were in
sequence as follows: (1) 4 lL protease buffer; (2) 2 lLofa
mixture of 1.5 lM LF and 5 nM BoNTALC in protease
buffer; …

• Product #610A – Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A Light Chain, Recombinant

List Labs Product #169A (Anthrax Lethal Factor (LF-A), Recombinant from B. anthracis Native Sequence; Lyophilized) has been discontinued; however, Product #169L (Anthrax Lethal Factor (LF-A), Recombinant from B. anthracis Native Sequence; Liquid) is available for purchase.

• Product #169L – Anthrax Lethal Factor (LF-A), Recombinant from B. anthracis Native Sequence

… 1 nM cholera toxin (List Biological Laboratories, Campbell …

• Product #100B – Cholera Toxin (AZIDE-FREE) from Vibrio cholerae

Protocol for tissue fixation and histological processing:

The ferrets were transcardially perfused using a 0.9% saline solution.  … 

The histology was performed on free floating sections kept in small wells; all buffer solutions were made using 0.1M PBS PH (7.4). … The sections were then incubated for a short time in 0.1M glycine solution in dH20), rinsed in PBS, then incubated overnight at 4oC in a blocking solution containing 4% normal rabbit serum (NRS), 2.5% bovine serum albumin (BSA), and a 1% Triton-X solution to reduce nonspecific staining. Then they were rinsed in PBS, then incubated for 48 hours in a solution containing 1: 5,000 dilution of goat anti-choleraganoid (primary antibody, List Biological Labs), …

• Product #703 – Anti-Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Goat)

… Next, the animals received a unilateral intraocular injection of cholera toxin subunit b (CTb; List Biological Laboratories, Inc., Campbell, CA, USA). … Primary antibodies, Goat anti-CTb, List Biological Labs, Campbell, CA, USA, 703, 7032A, 1:9000. …

Author did not specify which CTB was utilized.  List Labs provides Product #103B (Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Choleragenoid) from Vibrio cholerae)  and Product #104 (Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Choleragenoid) from Vibrio cholerae in Low Salt).

• Product #703 – Anti-Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Goat)