Bacterial Toxin Research Citations

… Cells cultured with only anti-CD28, anti-CD49d as negative controls (medium), and cultured with 1g/ml SEB (List Biological Labs, CA) served as positive controls. …

pTfh:B:APC cocultures:

Purified memory B, pTfh, and APCs (1 10⁴ cells each) were cocultured at a 1:1:1 ratio in duplicate wells in the presence of 5 g/mL of H1N1/09 vaccine Ag with 1 g/mL of anti-CD28 mAb for 7 d in the presence or absence of a cytokine cocktail containing IL-21 (50ng/ml), anti-IL-2 (10 g/ml) and antiTNF- (2 g/ml). Medium alone and B+APC served as negative controls, and 1 g/mL of SEB served as a positive control. …

… The brainstem was exposed via a limited occipital craniotomy and micropipettes containing the retrograde tracer cholera toxin subunit B conjugated to AlexaFluor 555 (CTB; 1% in deionized water, List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA) were inserted into the nTS at the level of calamus scriptorius: 0.4 mm lateral and 0.5 mm ventral from the surface. CTB was injected bilaterally (30 nl each side). …

• Product #104 – Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Choleragenoid) from Vibrio cholerae in Low Salt

EAE models:

Mice were immunized with MOG_35-55 (150 µg; Peptide International) emulsified in complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA; Sigma-Aldrich) containing 10 mg/mL heatkilled Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra (Difco Laboratories). The mice were injected intraperitoneally with pertussis toxin (List Biological Laboratories; 500 ng) on days 0 and 2. The adoptive transfer of encephalitogenic CD4⁺ T cells isolated 9 days after immunization was also used to induce EAE. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

Lep-vesicle-recycling endosome-exocyst complex inhibition tests:

The cell monolayers were treated with 35 nM edema factor or lethal factor plus 70 nM protective antigen (EF + PA or LF + PA) of anthrax toxin (List Biological Laboratories, USA), the inhibitor (EF + PA) of Rab11 and inhibitor (LF + PA) of Sec15 to block Rab11-Sec15 binding, for 24 hr at 37C (Guichard et al., 2010), and then infected with L. interrogans strain Lai at MOI100 for 8 hr. The subsequent steps and detection of Lep-vesicle-Rab11-Sec15/Sec3 co-localization were the same as above. …

• Product #171 – Anthrax Protective Antigen (PA), Recombinant from B. anthracis
• Product #178A – Anthrax Edema Factor (EF), Recombinant from B. anthracis
• Product #169 – Anthrax Lethal Factor (LF-A), Recombinant from B. anthracis Native Sequence

Immunofluorescence labeling of myelinated afferent fiber projections to the dorsal horn:

To detect the effect of -FNA on RTX-caused myelinated primary afferent nerve sprouting into the spinal dorsal horn, cholera toxin B-subunit (CTB), a transganglionic tracer, was injected into left sciatic nerve of VEH-, RTX-, EA + NS- and EA + -FNA-treated rats as described.4 The results were analyzed using immunofluorescence labeling.

In brief, rats were deeply anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital (40 mg/kg, i.p.) and transcardially perfused 4 days after CTB injection. The L4-L6 spinal cord was post fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 68 hr and dehydrated in 30% sucrose dissolved in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (PBS) at 4 C for 48 hr. The tissues of spinal cord were sectioned with a cryostat. The thickness of sections was 20 m. The slides were incubated in blocking buffer (0.2% tween-20 and 5% donkey serum in 0.01M PBS, pH 7.4) at 37 C for 1 hr, then incubated overnight on a shaker at 4 C with primary antibodies diluted in 0.01M PBS including 0.3% TritonX-100, 5% donkey serum, and incubated with a secondary antibody at 37 C for 1 hr. The primary antibodies used were goat anti-CTB (1:250; List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA). For secondary antibodies, we used donkey anti-goat IgG conjugated with Dylight 594 (1:500; Jackson ImmunoResearch). We used 6 rats in each group and randomly selected five or six sections from the spinal cord of each rat. All imaging analysis was performed on an Olympus BX51 fluorescence microscope (Olympus, Tokyo, Japan) and using Image J software (Bethesda, MD).

• Product #703 – Anti-Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Goat)

… tracer Cholera toxin B fragment (CTB low salt, end concentration 0,03%) (List Biological Labs, Campbell, CA) was injected in a single dose (2 l delivered over 30 minutes) into was visualized using as primary antibody goat anti-choleragenoid (List Biological Labs …

• Product #104 – Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Choleragenoid) from Vibrio cholerae in Low Salt
• Product #703 – Anti-Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Goat)

EAE development and anti-IL-17 antibodies treatment:

… EAE was induced in 9-week-old female C57BL/6 mice. Mice were immunized subcutaneously with an emulsion containing myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein(MOG) 3555 peptide (synthesized in-house) and Complete Freund’s Adjuvant (CFA). Immunization was performed under isoflurane anesthesia. All animals received pertussis toxin (List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA) in PBS intraperitoneally (i.p.) on day 0 and day 2 after MOG immunization. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

… Mice also received 400 ng of pertussis toxin (LIST Biological Laboratories) intraperitoneally both immediately after immunization and 48 h later. Control mice were injected with everything except the MOG peptide …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

Recombinant antigens and coupling to microsphere beads:

… Tetanus toxoid (Massachusetts Biological Laboratories, Boston, MA), diphtheria toxoid from Corynebacterium diphtheriae (List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA), and recombinant measles nucleoprotein (MV-N, Meridian Life Sciences, Memphis, TN) [30] were purchased from commercial sources. Tetanus toxoid was coupled to SeroMap beads as previously described [31]. Diphtheria toxoid was coupled in buffer containing 50 mM 2-(N-morpholinoethanesulfonic acid (MES) at pH 5.0 with 0.85% NaCl at a concentration of 60 g of protein per 1.25 10⁷ beads in 1 ml final volume. …

• Product #151 – Diphtheria Toxoid, from Corynebacterium diphtheriae

… Diphtheria Toxin (unnicked) List Biological Laboratories Cat # 150 …

• Product #150 – Diphtheria Toxin, Unnicked, fromCorynebacterium diphtheriae