Bacterial Toxin Research Citations

… sensitized to EW by the oral administration of 5 mg of protein per mouse plus 10 µg of cholera toxin (CT, List Biologicals, Campbell, CA, USA) in PBS, during 3 consecutive days on the first week and once per week during the following 5 weeks, …

• Product #100B – Cholera Toxin (AZIDE-FREE) from Vibrio cholerae

Antibody quantification:

Whole toxin A (List Biologicals, Campbell, CA) or recombinant rbdB was used to coat U-bottom high-binding 96-well ELISA plates (Greiner Bio-One, Frickenhausen, Germany). …

• Product #152C  – Toxin A from Clostridium difficile

Experimental Human Endotoxemia:

Purified LPS (continuous infusion study: Escherichia coli O:113, Lot no. 94332B4, List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, USA; bolus administration study: US Standard Reference Endotoxin Escherichia coli O:113, Pharmaceutical Development Section of the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA) was supplied as a lyophilized powder and dissolved in normal saline 0.9% as described previously [23,24]. For the continuous infusion study (c-LPS), a total of 4 ng/kg LPS was administered as a intravenous loading bolus of 1 ng/kg body weight at T = 0, followed by an intravenous infusion of 1 ng/kg/h for a period of 3 h [24]. For the bolus administration study (b-LPS), LPS was administered, as described previously, as an intravenous bolus injection at a dose of 2 ng/kg body weight in 1 min at T = 0 [23].

All subjects received 1.5 L of 2.5% glucose/0.45% saline solution in the hour before initiation of LPS administration, followed by 150 mL/h during the first 6 h after LPS administration and 75 mL/h until the end of the experiment, according to our protocol [24].

• Product #9433 – GMP LPS Lipopolysaccharide List™ Hpt™ From Escherichia Coli Type O113

EAE induction and clinical assessment:

For immunization, incomplete Freunds adjuvant (IFA) was prepared by mixing paraffin oil (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, USA; Cat # 18512) and mannide monooleate (Sigma-Aldrich; Cat # M8819) at a 9:1 ratio. Complete Freunds adjuvant (CFA) was subsequently obtained by adding 5mg/ml Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37 Ra (Difco Laboratories, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA; Cat # 231141) to IFA. After emulsifying MP4 (Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Cheshire, CT, USA) in CFA, the mice were immunized subcutaneously into both sides of the flank with a total dose of 200g MP4. Additionally, an intraperitoneal injection of 200ng pertussis toxin (List Biological Laboratories, Hornby, ONT, Canada; Cat # 181) was given at the day of immunization and 48h later. …

• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)

Induction and assessment of EAE:

For active EAE induction, age- and sex-matched mice were immunized s.c. with MOG_35-55 peptide (300 µg) mixed in CFA (Sigma-Aldrich) containing 5 mg/ml heat-killed Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra (Difco). Pertussis toxin (200 ng, List Biological Laboratories) in PBS was administered i.v. on days 0 and 2. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

Muscle injury model:

… One hour after the first immunisation, pertussis toxin (500ng in 100l saline; List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA, USA) was intraperitoneally injected into each animal. 

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

Retrograde tracer injections:

Injections of cholera toxin beta sub-unit (CTb; List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA) were used to retrogradely label premotor cells with axonal projections to the XII motor nucleus, …

Author did not specify which CTB was utilized.  List Labs has provided Product #103B (Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Choleragenoid) from Vibrio cholerae) and Product #104 (Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Choleragenoid) from Vibrio cholerae in Low Salt).  The former has been discontinued.  The latter may be substituted for the former, if the researcher takes into account the difference in the buffer in which each product is provided and the amount of protein per vial.  When Product #103B was reconstituted with 200 l of water, it contained 1 mg of protein in 0.05 M Tris, 0.2 M NaCl, 0.001 M Na₂EDTA, 0.003 M NaN_3, pH 7.5.  When Product #104 is reconstituted with 0.25 ml water, it contains 0.5 mg of Cholera Toxin B Subunit (choleragenoid) in 0.01 M Sodium Phosphate at pH 7.5.

• Product #104 – Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Choleragenoid) from Vibrio cholerae in Low Salt

Mass spectrometry:

Four-week old mice were euthanized, globes were exenterated and sterilized in 2% iodine (Sigma-Aldrich, St Louis, MI), after which the limbus was dissected, placed epithelium-side-down in 6-well culture plates (Corning Inc., Corning, NY), and incubated in defined keratinocyte serum-free media (dKSFM; Gibco, Fremont, CA) containing 50nM recombinant human epidermal growth factor (Peprotech, Rocky Hill, NJ), 500nM Cholera Toxin (List Biological Labs Inc., Campbell, CA) and 100 U/ml Penicillin-Streptomycin (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA) at 37C in 5% CO_{2. …}

• Product #100B – Cholera Toxin (AZIDE-FREE) from Vibrio cholerae

… CTb Gt Polyclonal List Biological Labs 102946-502 7032A10 1:5,0001:10,000 …

• Product #703 – Anti-Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Goat)

… Pertussis toxin (300 ng/200 µL; 180, List Biological Laboratories) was injected intraperitoneally (ip) on days 0 and 2 after MOG immunization. …

• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer