Bacterial Toxin Research Citations

Animals and Surgery:

Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 9, 250430 g; Taconic Farms, Germantown, NY) were utilized for these experiments and all protocols were in accordance with the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at Oregon Health & Science University. Vagal afferents were identified using anterograde tracing following injection of Cholera Toxin B Subunit (CTb; 1 2 l; 1% in dH₂O; List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA)…

• Product #104 – Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Choleragenoid) from Vibrio cholerae in Low Salt

… Three injections (60 nl each) of cholera toxin B subunit (CTB; 1% in distilled water; List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA) targeting the IML were made along the rostrocaudal extent of T10 on each side of the cord (six injections total). …

• Product #104 – Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Choleragenoid) from Vibrio cholerae in Low Salt

Reagents:

Lyophilized recombinant PA and LF were purchased from the List Biological Laboratories, Inc. (Campbell, CA), and reconstituted in sterile water to make stock solutions with final concentrations of 1 mg/ml.

Author did not indicate which specific lethal factor was utilized.  List Labs provides Product #172 (Anthrax Lethal Factor (LF), Recombinant from B. anthracis) and Product #169 (Anthrax Lethal Factor (LF-A), Recombinant from B. anthracis Native Sequence).

• Product #171 – Anthrax Protective Antigen (PA), Recombinant from B. anthracis

Gene Expression Profiling:

RNA was isolated from HepG2 cells cultured under normoxic or hypoxic conditions with or without LT using TRIzol according to…

Polysome Analysis:

Polysome analysis was performed as described previously (37). In brief, HepG2 cells were pretreated with or without LT for 3 h and then cultured under hypoxic conditions for 4 h. …

Cytotoxicity Assay:

HepG2 and Hepa1c1c7 cells were cultured in 96-well plates with or without LT either 3 h prior to or at the initiation of a 24-h incubation under hypoxic conditions. …

Choleratoxin Unterei n- heit Beta(CTB) List Biological Lab., USA 1% in H 2 O …

• Product #104 – Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Choleragenoid) from Vibrio cholerae in Low Salt

SNAPtide Assay:

Inhibitory activity of small molecules from the compound libraries was determined by the decrease in BoNT/A LC enzymatic activity toward the SNAPtide uorogenic substrate (List Biological Laboratories). The assay was performed in 40 mM Hepes, pH 7.4, 0.01% Tween-20 at room temperature (22 C). In dose response IC50 assays, 9 point 1:3 dilutions of compounds in DMSO (1 L) were preincubated with 10 L of 70 nM BoNT/A LC (expressed in Escherichia coli and puried as described elsewhere22) in 79L of 40 mM Hepes buer in a 96-well black plate (Greiner) for 5 min at room temperature…

• Product #521 – SNAPtide Peptide Substrate (FITC/DABCYL) for C. botulinum Type A Neurotoxin

EAE induction and assessment:

Mice (8-12 wk old) were immunized subcutaneously with a total of 200 µg MOG₃₅₅₅ peptide emulsified in CFA… and received an i.v. injection of 400 ng pertussis toxin (List Biological Laboratories, Inc.) at the time of immunization and 48 h later.

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

Immunization and evaluation of EAE:

Mice were immunized subcutaneously with 200 µg rMOG emulsified in Freund’s adjuvant supplemented with 5 mg/ml Mycobacterium tuberculosis (strain H37Ra; Difco) (CFA). 200 ng of pertussis toxin (List Biological Laboratories) were injected intraperitoneally on the day of immunization and 48 hours later. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

Cell Culture and Stimulation:

RAW264 and J774A.1cells were cultured in DMEM medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) at 5% CO2. Cells were stimulated with ultrapure smooth LPS (sLPS) from E. coli 0111:B4 (List Biological Laboratories) …

• Product #421 – ULTRA PURE LPS from Escherichia coli O111:B4

EAE:

Mice were injected subcutaneously with 200 µg MOG3555 (amino acid sequence, MEVGWYRSPFSRVVHLYRNGK; Anaspec, Fremont, CA) emulsified in complete Freunds adjuvant (Difco, Detroit, MI) supplemented with 4 mg/ml Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37RA (Difco, Detroit, MI). On d0 and d2 after immunization, the mice were injected intraperitoneally with 200 ng pertussis toxin (List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA) in 100 µL PBS. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

Immunizations and serum isolation:

Groups of eighteen (18) female C57Bl/6 (National Cancer Institute/Charles River Laboratories, Wilmington, MA) mice at 8-12 weeks of age were subcutaneously immunized with saline, 5 g recombinant anthrax protective antigen (rPA; List Biological Laboratories, Inc., Campbell, CA) alone or with 1.3 mg alum (Alhydrogel; Sigma, St. Louis, MO). On day 71 post-immunization, three mice from each group were given a boost of rPA (no adjuvant) at the same dose as the primary immunization …

• Product #171 – Anthrax Protective Antigen (PA), Recombinant from B. anthracis