Bacterial Toxin Research Citations

… Forty nanolitres of 1% low-salt cholera toxin B subunit (CTb) (, USA) was injected over a period of 1 min, and the needle was left in place for 10 min prior to removal, to allow for diffusion and to reduce spread up the injection tract. …

• Product #104 – Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Choleragenoid) from Vibrio cholerae in Low Salt

Immunohistochemistry:

In a subset of SH animals treated with intrathecal BDNF or aCSF (n=6 each), an intrapleural injection of cholera toxin subunit B (CTB; List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA) was used to retrogradely label phrenic motoneurons at 3 days before the terminal experiment, as previously reported… Spinal cord sections were blocked with 10% Donkey Serum in 0.3% Triton tris-buffered saline (TBS), followed by overnight incubation with CTB antibody (goat polyclonal, #703; List Biological Laboratories) and…

• Product #104 – Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Choleragenoid) from Vibrio cholerae in Low Salt
• Product #703 – Anti-Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Goat)

For the detection of CTb, free-floating sections were incubated for 1824 h with goat anti-CTb IgG primary antibody (List Biological Laboratories, Inc.), diluted 1:9000, …

• Product #703 – Anti-Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Goat)

Induction of EAE:

Female SJL/J mice were purchased from Janvier (Janvier SAS, Le Genest-St-Isle, France). For active EAE, 22 mice (12 weeks old) were immunized subcutaneously with 250 µg PLP (Pepceuticals Ltd., UK) and 800 µg mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra (Difco) in 200 µl emulsion containing equal volumes of phosphate/buffered saline (PBS) and complete Freunds adjuvant (BD-Difco), as previously described [22] 200 ng pertussis toxin (List Biological Laboratories, US) were administered intraperitoneally at days 0 and 2. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

Macrophage Isolation and Treatment:

Wildtype and SR-A deficient mice bred on a C57/BL6 background…After 24 hrs of ENP exposure, media was aspirated, cells were washed, and 2 ml fresh media with or without 10 ng/ml LPS (Escherichia coli O111:B4, LIST Biological Laboratories Inc.) was added.

• Product #201 – LPS from Escherichia coli O111:B4

EAE Induction and Treatment Protocols:

…Mice also received 100 µl of 200 ng of pertussis toxin (List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA, http://www. listlabstage.wpengine.com) by intraperitoneal (ip) injection concomitantly and again 2 days later. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

Cholera Toxin B Injection:

After adequate anesthetic depth was reached, a dorsal cut in the skin was made
just above the kidney, posterior to the last rib and lateral to the midline. Rat-toothed
forceps were used to pull the fat surrounding the adrenal gland out of the incision. Care
was taken to avoid grabbing the adrenal gland with the forceps.  Once the adrenal gland
was exposed, 10 µl of 1% CTB solution (List Biological Laboratories, Inc.) was injected
into the adrenal gland using a Hamilton Syringe (Hamilton Company). …

• Product #104 – Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Choleragenoid) from Vibrio cholerae in Low Salt

… Intraperitoneal (ip) injections of 200 ng pertussis toxin in phosphate buffered saline (List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA) were given on days 0 and 2. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

Tracing study on central projections of primary afferent fibers of the ABVN:

Microinjection was carried out on 9 rats. Under anaesthesia, microsyringe contained 1% CTB (List Biological Labs, Campbell, CA, USA) solution was inserted subcutaneously into the junction of cavity of the auricular concha and postero-inferior wall of the external acoustic meatus for a depth of 23 mm along the auricular surface, and a total of 3µl 1% CTB was injected slowly. After injection, the needle was retained about one min and then withdrawn carefully.  …

• Product #104 – Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Choleragenoid) from Vibrio cholerae in Low Salt

Reagents:

The B fragment of the cholera toxin (CTb) and goat anti-CTb were from List Biological Laboratories (Campbell, CA). …

Intraocular Injections:

Syrian golden hamsters (Charles River, St-Constant, QC) were used for intraocular injections. …By P3, virtually all RGC axons have reached their targets [26]. To take advantage of this opportunity, 1 day after birth (P1), hamsters received a 2 l unilateral injection of a 1% solution of the beta subunit of the cholera toxin coupled to FITC (CTb-FITC), a highly sensitive anterograde tracer, in either 0.9% saline

Author did not specify which CTB was utilized.  List Labs provides Product #103B (Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Choleragenoid) from Vibrio cholerae)  and Product #104 (Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Choleragenoid) from Vibrio cholerae in Low Salt).

Immunohistochemistry:

…The effects of intraocular injection of CB₂R agonist and inverse agonist were visualized by immunohistochemistry according to a protocol previously described [28]. Briefly, 40 m thick coronal sections of tissue were incubated in 90% methanol and 0.3% H₂O₂ in PBS for 20 min. After several washes, they were incubated in 0.1 M glycine solution for 30 min, and then blocked overnight at 4C. Sections were subsequently rinsed and immersed for 48 h at room temperature in a solution-containing goat 14000 anti-CTb diluted in blocking solution. 

• Product #703 – Anti-Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Goat)