Bacterial Toxin Research Citations

Reagents and plasmids:

… Purified LPS from Escherichia coli was obtained from List Biological Laboratory Inc. (Campbell, CA, USA) and dissolved in endotoxin-free water. 

Author did not specify which List Labs LPS product was utilized in their research.  List Labs provides the following LPS products:  https://listlabs.com/product-information/lipopolysaccharides/

In vitro transduction and LPS stimulation:

In experiments quantifying NF-B signaling, Raw 264.7 cells were incubated with 100 ng/ml LPS (List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA) for 6 hours before analysis.

Author did not specify which List Labs LPS product was utilized in their research.  List Labs provides the following LPS products:  https://listlabs.com/product-information/lipopolysaccharides/

EAE:

… Each animal also received 300 ng pertussis toxin (List Biological Laboratories, Inc., Campbell, CA, Cat. no. 181) on days 0 and 1 post-immunization. Mice were randomly divided …

• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)

EAE:

…Following immunization, 200 ng of pertussis toxin (List Labs) was injected ip into mice on Day 0, followed by a 400 ng pertussis toxin ip injection on Day 2. IL-2 was administered either before immunization of mice with MOG (called pre-treatment) or after immunization…

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

Induction of EAE and clinical evaluation:

SJL/J female mice (57 weeks old) were immunized subcutaneously (s.c.) with 200g of PLP₁₃₉₁₅₁ in a 02-ml emulsion composed of equal volumes of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) containing killed Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain H37RA (at a final concentration of 4mg/ml; Difco, Detroit, MI, USA). The PLP₁₃₉₁₅₁ in CFA was administered to regions above the shoulder and the flanks (total of four sites; 50 l at each injection site). Then, 200ng of pertussis toxin (List Biological Laboratories Inc., Campbell, CA, USA) was injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) on the day of immunization (day 0) and 2 days post-immunization. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

EAE Induction:

Unless otherwise stated, mice received 300 g of rodent MOG₃₅₅₅ peptide emulsified in complete Freunds adjuvant containing heat-killed Mycobacterium butyricum (Difco, Detroit, MI) via s.c. flank injection on days 0 and 7; on days 0 and 2, mice received 500 ng of pertussis toxin (List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA) via i.p. injection. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

BST Lesions:

To enhance visualization of vlBST injection sites and to reveal the central distribution of neurons projecting to those sites, a subset of rats used in Experiment 1 (described below) received vlBST microinjections of DSAP (n=2) or vehicle (n=2) mixed in a cocktail with a retrograde neural tracer, cholera toxin subunit (CTB, 0.15%, List Biological Laboratories, Inc. Campbell, California). CTB in the injectate did not interfere with DSAP lesion efficacy…

Behavioral testing on the EPMZ:

… In Experiment 1, maze-nave rats was tested only once in the EPMZ, two weeks after surgery (n=22 DSAP, n=15 sham), to assess maze behavior after either i.p. saline or YO. Two rats within each surgical lesion group were those that received co-microinjection of CTB together with DSAP or saline vehicle into the vlBST, as described above (BST lesions). …

Perfusion And Immunohistochemistry:

A second set of tissue sections from rats that received vlBST microinjections of CTB+DSAP or CTB+vehicle was processed for dual immunofluorescence to localize CTB (using goat anti-CTB, 1:5000, List Biological Laboratories) and mouse anti-DbH (1:5000), in order to simultaneously visualize vlBST injection sites, non-lesioned retrogradely labeled neurons projecting to those sites, and DbH-positive neurons and fibers. CTB immunofluorescence was visualized using CY3-conjugated AffiniPure donkey…

• Product #104 – Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Choleragenoid) from Vibrio cholerae in Low Salt
• Product #703 – Anti-Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Goat)

… Pertussis toxin List Biological Laboratories via Quadratech (Epsom , UK ) …

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis:

… All mice strains bred in-house were backcrossed on C57BL/6 background for at least 10 generations. … Pertussis toxin, dissolved in saline (200 ng/mouse) was applied intraperitoneally at the time of immunisation and 48 hours later. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

Source of Stx1 and Stx2 variants:

Pure Stx1 was purchased from List Biological Laboratories, Inc. (Campbell, CA). …

• Product #161 – Shiga Toxin 1 from Escherichia coli

Cell culture, transfection, and intoxication:

Bacterial toxins were loaded into cells by endocytic uptake…The culture medium was changed to a depolarizing solution of HEPES buffered salt solution containing 55 mm KCl with NaCl reduced to 37 mm, plus either or both of tetanus toxin (10 nm; List Biological Laboratories)…

• Product #190 – Tetanus Toxin from Clostridium tetani