Bacterial Toxin Research Citations

Mice and Immunizations.

Eight-week-old female WT B6 mice (Charles River) were kept in specific pathogen-free conditions at the animal facility of the Franz-Penzoldt-Zentrum, Erlangen, Germany (approval by the Regierung von Unterfranken, RUF-55.2.2-2532-2-575-5). All animal experiments complied with the German Law on the Protection of Animals, the “Principles of laboratory animal care” (44) and the ARRIVE (Animal Research: Reporting of In Vivo Experiments) guidelines (45). For immunization, incomplete Freund’s adjuvant (IFA) was prepared by mixing paraffin oil and mannide monooleate (both Sigma Aldrich) in a 9:1 ratio. CFA was subsequently obtained by adding 5 mg/mL Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37 Ra (Difco) to IFA. A total of six cohorts of B6 mice (n = 6 to 10 per cohort) were immunized subcutaneously in both sides of the flank with casein solution from bovine milk (Sigma Aldrich) emulsified (1:1) in CFA, resulting in a total injection of 200 μg of antigen per mouse. Additionally, 200 ng PTx (List Biological Laboratories) was injected intraperitoneally on the day of immunization and 48 h later. One cohort each of casein-immunized mice was killed at day 13 or day 20, three cohorts were killed at day 40, and the last cohort was killed at day 60. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

Induction and treatment of experimental autoimmune uveitis

For EAU induction, mice were subcutaneously immunized with an emulsion containing equal volumes of incomplete Freund’s adjuvant (IFA) (Sigma-Aldrich) with 5 mg/mL desiccated Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Sigma-Aldrich) and 250 μg IRBP651–670 (Hanhong group, Shanghai, China) in PBS, distributed at 4 spots on the tail base and flank. Mice were intraperitoneally administered 500 ng pertussis toxin (PTX) (List Biological Laboratories, California, USA) on the day of immunization and 24 h post-immunization. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

PTX List Biological Labs, Inc #181

• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)

… Pertussis toxin (400 ng, Cedarlane List Biological labs) was injected intraperitoneally 48 hours after EAE induction. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

… lipopolysaccharide (LPS; List Biological Laboratories) was used at 100 ng/ml, …

Author did not specify which List Labs LPS product was utilized in their research.
List Labs provides the following LPS products: https://listlabs.com/product-information/lipopolysaccharides/

2.5 Anatomical determination of motoneuron pools

Motoneuron distributions were determined for biceps and ECR muscles using retrograde tracing, as in our previous study [[39]]. Anesthesia was induced as above, and tracer (cholera toxin b-fragment, CTB; 1% in sterile water, 40–45 μl total volume; List Biological, USA) was injected using a microsyringe over a 3 min period. …

• Product #104 – Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Choleragenoid) from Vibrio cholerae in Low Salt

… At the time of immunization and 48 h later, animals were intraperitoneally treated with pertussis toxin from Bordetella pertussis (200 ng dissolved in 100 µl PBS; List Biological Lab, USA) …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

Enterotoxin Type B from Staphylococcus aureus List Biological Laboratories Cat#122

Flow cytometry methods

Sample collection, isolation, storage, thawing, stimulation and staining for flow cytometry was performed as detailed previously (Scheible et al., 2012). In short, cord blood and peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated via Ficoll density gradient centrifugation, cryopreserved and stored in liquid nitrogen, and rapidly thawed and washed with pre-warmed RPMI-1640 supplemented with 10% FBS and 1x L-glutamine; thawing was done in ‘subject-balanced’ batches (equal mix of pre and fullterm subjects, each with three time points). An aliquot of each freshly thawed sample was stained with a T-cell phenotyping (Tphe) panel with the remainder of the sample rested overnight in an incubator, and stimulated with 2μg/mL of Staphylococcus aureus, Enterotoxin Type B (SEB); following an initial 2-hour stimulation, samples were blocked using GolgiPlug and GolgiStop (manufacturer’s recommended concentrations), further stimulated for 8 hours and then stained with a T-cell functional panel (ICS). …

Induction of MOG-IgG–Augmented MOG35-55 EAE

Chronic EAE was induced by active subcutaneous (SC) immunization with 100 μg MOG peptide 35–55 (MOG35-55; Charit´e Berlin, Germany) emulsified in complete Freund’s adjuvant under short isoflurane anesthesia. Two hundred nanograms of Pertussis toxin (List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA) were injected intraperitoneally (IP) on 0 and 2 days postimmunization (dpi). The experimenters observedthe animals after this procedure until they detected normal behavior. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

… Pertussis toxin (PTX; 400 ng; List Biological Laboratories, CA, USA) was administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) on the day of immunization and on day 2. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)