Bacterial Toxin Research Citations

… 25 l of serial 1:3 dilutions of rabbit sera were mixed with 50 l of Stx1 (List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA, USA) in a concentration of 4 CD50/ml in wells of a separate plate, incubated at 37o C in 5% CO2 for one hour, …

• Product #161 – Shiga Toxin 1 from Escherichia coli

Dorsal hemisection SCI with sciatic nerve conditioning injury:

Wildtype C3^+/+ mice used in this study were litter-mates of C3^/ mice. … Five days prior to tissue collection, the left sciatic nerve was exposed again and 1.5 µl of 10 mg/mL cholera toxin subunit (CTB, List Biological Laboratories), a trans-ganglionic tracer, was injected into the proximal nerve section using a pulled glass capillary tube pipette. …

• Product #104 – Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Choleragenoid) from Vibrio cholerae in Low Salt

Experimental schedule:

Cells were stimulated with LPS (0.2 g/mL; List Biological Labo., Campbell, CA, USA) or nigericin … The expression of inflammasome-related molecules and the level of secreted IL-1 were analyzed by quantitative RT-PCR/western blotting and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), after culture for 6 h and 24 h, respectively. Trophoblasts were incubated with N6, 2 -0- dibutyryladenosine 3, 5-cyclic monophosphate (db-cAMP; 0.5 mM; SigmaAldrich) to enhance their fusion toward syncytiotrophoblasts in DMEM supplemented with 2% FBS for 2 days.

Author did not specify which List Labs LPS product was utilized in their research.  List Labs provides the following LPS products:  https://listlabs.com/product-information/lipopolysaccharides/

Assessment of light chain protease activity (VAMP-2):

The protease activities of BoNT/B1 (List Laboratories, US), rBoNT/B1 and rBoNT/B1_(S201P) against VAMP-2 were assessed using the BoTest (Biosentinel, Wisconsin, US) cell-free assay. BoNT/B1, rBoNT/B1 and rBoNT/B1_(S201P) were diluted to 1.39 nM in BoTest Reaction Buffer (50 mM HEPES-NaOH, 5 mM NaCl, 10 M ZnCl₂, 0.1% Tween-20, 0.1 mg/mL BSA, pH 7.1). BoNTs were reduced at room temperature (20 2C) for 30 minutes by addition of 5 mM DTT to allow maximum catalytic activity in the assay. BoTest Reporter (VAMP-2 (3394) flanked by N-terminal cyan fluorescent protein (CFP) and C-terminal yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) in 50 mM HEPES-NaOH, 10 mM NaCl, 15% glycerol) at a final concentration of 200 nM was combined with reduced BoNT/B1, rBoNT/B1 or rBoNT/B1_(S201P) (final concentration 0.5 pM1.25 nM) in black Maxisorp plates (Nunc) in a final assay volume of 100 µL/well. The plates were sealed, wrapped in aluminium foil to prevent degradation of the light-sensitive substrate and incubated at 30°C for 18 h. After incubation, fluorescence emission at 485/20 nm and 528/20 nm following excitation at 440/40 nm was measured using a BioTek Synergy HT plate reader.

Induction and assessment of EAE:

Foxp3^CreERT2 and Foxp3^CreERT2DOCK8^fl/fl mice were injected s.c. with 100 µg of MOG_35-55 peptide (MEVGWYRSPFSRVVHLYRNGK) emulsified in CFA (Difco) supplemented with 4 mg/ml Mycobacterium tuberculosis extract H37Ra (Difco). Additionally, mice received 200 ng pertussis toxin (List Biological Laboratories) i.p. at day 0 and 2. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

… EdU, sections were first incubated with goat anti-CTB antibody (1:5000, List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA, USA) …

• Product #703 – Anti-Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Goat)

… 10 ng/ml cholera-toxin (List Biological Laboratories, Inc., Campbell, California), …

• Product #100B – Cholera Toxin (AZIDE-FREE) from Vibrio cholerae

Bacterial culture, infection procedures, OMV isolation, and treatments:

For treatment of BMDMs, OMVs or LPS (Ultra-pure LPS from Salmonella enterica serovar Minnesota R595; List Biological Laboratories) was diluted in Opti-MEM (Gibco) and added directly to cells. …

• Product 434 – ULTRA PURE LPS from Salmonella minnesota R595 (Re)

Induction of EAE

For active EAE induction, mice were immunized s.c. with MOG₃₅₅₅/CFA at the tail base on day 0. Pertussis toxin (List Biological Laboratories) was injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) on day 0 and day 2. … The recipient mice were immunized with MOG₃₅₅₅/IFA followed by two PTX injections on the day of immunization and 2 days later. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

cAMP Assay:

LS174T cells, HEK-EP2 cells, and HEK-DP cells were cultured in 6-well plates and, prior to experiments, culture media were switched to Opti-MEM (Thermo Scientific) containing the corresponding antibiotics as stated above for 16h. In the case of LS174T cells, cells were treated for 25min with 0.1mg/mL isobutylmethyl-xanthine (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, U.S.A.) following to a pretreatment with the indicated concentrations of MW-03 for 16h. Cells were then treated with vehicle or the indicated concentrations of PGE₂ (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, MI, U.S.A.) at 37C for 1h or 0.01µg/mL cholera toxin (CTX, List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA, U.S.A.) for 4h. …

• Product #100B – Cholera Toxin (AZIDE-FREE) from Vibrio cholerae