Bacterial Toxin Research Citations

… ( PT, List biological laboratories, inc), …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

… Cells were maintained at 37C in a 5% CO2/air environment. Reagents Purified LPS from Escherichia coli was obtained from List Biological Laboratories, Inc. (Campbell, CA, USA) and dissolved in endotoxin-free water…

Author did not specify which List Labs LPS product was utilized in their research.  List Labs provides the following LPS products:  https://listlabs.com/product-information/lipopolysaccharides/

EAE Induction and Clinical Evaluation:

The 8- to 10-week-old female mice were immunized s.c. with 75µg/mouse of p139 in PBS emulsified 1:1 in enriched CFA (100l/mouse). The 300ng of Pertussis toxin (List Biological Laboratories, Inc., Campbell, CA, USA) were injected intraperitoneally on the day of immunization and 3days later. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

… Mice also received injections of 200 ng ip Ptx (List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA, USA) on d 0 and 2. All immunizations were given under isoflurane anesthesia…

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

…Subsequently, the central cut end of the nerves was inserted into a piece of polyethylene cap (inner diameter: 1.01.5 mm) filled with either of the following transganglionic tracers: 0.2 ml of 1% cholera toxin B subunit (CTb, List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA, USA …

• Product #104 – Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Choleragenoid) from Vibrio cholerae in Low Salt

Test substances and other ingredients:

… C. difficile toxins A (ToxA) and B (ToxB) and heat labile toxin from E. coli (LT) were purchased from List Biological Laboratories, Inc. (Campbell, California, USA).

Results – Effects of bacterial toxins on IEC model system:

Five well characterized toxins produced by bacterial pathogens were selected including … C. difficile Toxin A (ToxA), C. difficile Toxin B (ToxB), …

ToxA and ToxB from C. difficile have been shown to cause mucosal damage (Riegler et al., 1995), intestinal inflammation (Lyerly et al., 1985; Mitchell et al., 1986; Triadafilopoulos et al., 1987), altered enterocyte morphology (Mitchell et al., 1987; Moore et al., 1990), and disruption of intestinal membrane barrier functions (Nusrat et al., 2001). Previous in vitro studies with cultured IECs grown on plates, rather than permeable inserts, reported that ToxA was cytotoxic and decreased mitochondrial activity in Caco-2 and T84 cells; however, monolayer integrity was a more sensitive indicator of adverse effects (Johal et al., 2004; Mahida et al., 1996). The highest concentration of ToxA and ToxB applied to the apical surface of each epithelial cell line in the present study was 2 g/ml. … Interestingly, a significant decrease in IL-6 production was observed following treatment of T84 cells with either ToxA or ToxB (Supplemental Figure 1A). It is uncertain whether a toxin-induced decrease in cytokine release would be considered an adverse event, but since it represents a significant and reproducible modulation of cytokine release it was considered as such in our overall analysis. ToxA induced a small yet statistically significant increase in IL-8 release, whereas ToxB exposure did not affect IL-8 release (Supplemental Figure 1B). … In contrast to T84 monolayers, neither ToxA nor ToxB elicited any changes in cytokine production from Caco-2 monolayers (Supplemental Tables 23). …

• Product #152C – Toxin A from Clostridium difficile
• Product #155 – Toxin B from Clostridium difficile
• Product #165B – Heat labile toxin from E. coli (LT) has been discontinued

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

… cholera toxin was obtained from List Biological. …

Stx partitioning assay:

Culture supernatants of Stx1 and Stx2a, purified Stx1 (5 µg ml¹) (BEI Resources) containing an A:B subunit ratio of 1:5 (as demonstrated by staining with Sypro Orange protein dye), and purified cholera toxin (5 µg ml¹) (List Biological) were partitioned via centrifugal filtration (Amicon Ultracel 50-kDa cutoff; Millipore) into two fractions: >50 kDa (corresponding to holotoxin) and <50 kDa (corresponding to unassembled A and B subunits). …

• Product #100B – Cholera Toxin (AZIDE-FREE) from Vibrio cholerae

Experiment 3: retrograde tract tracing and immunohistochemistry to map the distribution of NAprojecting, WNS exposureactivated neurons in the caudal PAG

… The brain sections were subjected to CTb and Fos immunofluorescence staining to enhance CTbpositive signals and assess activated neuronal cells, respectively, in accordance with a previously described method (Madden 2012). Briefly, the tissue sections were washed in PBS, and incubated in the antibody dilution solution (PBS containing 0.3% Triton X100, 2.5 g/L lambda carrageenan, 200 mg/L NaN3, 10 mL/L normal donkey serum) for 2 h at room temperature. Then, the sections were incubated in the primary antibody solution: goat antiCTb (0.1 L/mL in antibody dilution solution, List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA) and …

• Product #703 – Anti-Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Goat)

2.1. Reagents:

LPS (Cat #: 421) was purchased from List Biological Laboratories, Inc. (Campbell, CA). …

• Product #421 – ULTRA PURE LPS from Escherichia coli O111:B4

Reagents:

Purified LPS was purchased from List Biological Laboratories (San Jose, CA, USA). …

Author did not specify which List Labs LPS product was utilized in their research.  List Labs provides the following LPS products:  https://listlabs.com/product-information/lipopolysaccharides/