Bacterial Toxin Research Citations

… On the day of immunization and 2 days post-immunization, each mouse received 200 ng of Pertussis toxin (List Biological Laboratories, 180) as an adjuvant by intraperitoneal injection. …

• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer

Animal Procedures:

A schematic representation of the experimental design is shown in Figure 1. On Experimental Days 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28, mice (n = 8/group) were orally sensitized to 20 mg of the hens egg protein OVA (grade V; Sigma-Aldrich, Zwijndrecht, The Netherlands) dissolved in 0.5 mL phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) containing 10 µg cholera toxin (CT; List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA, USA) as an adjuvant. The PBS-sensitized control mice (n = 6) received CT alone (10 µg/0.5 mL PBS). …

• Product #100B – Cholera Toxin (AZIDE-FREE) from Vibrio cholerae

Reagents:

… Cholera toxin was from list biological laboratories; …

Results:

Cyclic AMP signaling reprograms cDC2 cells from a pro-Th2 to a pro-Th17 phenotype We previously reported that cAMP signaling in CD11c+ bone marrow derived DCs (BMDCs), i.e., BM-derived antigen presenting cells(BM-APCs), affectsthe differentiation of CD4+ T cells(Datta et al., 2010; Lee et al., 2015). Low cAMP levels, as occurs in GnasCD11c mice (generated by breeding of floxed Gnas with CD11c-Cre deleter strains), provoke a Th2 polarization that leads to an allergic phenotype (Lee et al., 2015), while cholera toxin (CT) and other treatmentsthat increase cAMP levels in CD11c+ cells, induce differentiation to Th17 cells (Datta et al., 2010). Given these observations, it was important to investigate how this phenotypic reprogramming occurs in bona fide DCs.

• Product #100B – Cholera Toxin (AZIDE-FREE) from Vibrio cholerae

… Mice were injected via tail vein with 10mg/kg LPS (List Labs) as well as 10mg/kg of the pan-caspase inhibitor ZVAD-FMK (BD Biosciences) in order to inhibit apoptosis and sensitize cells to necroptosis as previously described [16, 3235]. …

Author did not specify which List Labs LPS product was utilized in their research.  List Labs provides the following LPS products:  https://listlabs.com/product-information/lipopolysaccharides/

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE):

Induction of EAE was performed in accordance to (Miller et al., 2007)). In brief, a 1 : 1 emulsion mixture of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG35-55) (Genemed Synthesis Inc., San Antonio, TX, USA) and complete Freunds Adjuvant (CFA) (Sigma-Aldrich, St-Louis, MO, USA) supplemented with 10 mg/ml of heat-killed Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37RA (Difco Laboratories, Detroit, MI, USA) was prepared. Female mice (8-10 weeks old) were injected subcutaneously at two sites (100 l per site) adjacent to the tail with the emulsion. Pertussis toxin (200 ng) (List Biological Laboratories Inc., Campbell, CA, USA) was administered intraperitoneally on the day of immunization. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

… Full-length CtxA1, full-length PtxS1 (List Biologicals, Campbell, CA), or peptide (Peptide 2.0, Chantilly, VA) was amide-coupled well plates were incubated with 1 µg of Ptx (List Biologicals) in serum-free Ham’s F-12 …

Full-length CtxA1 and full-length PtxS1 have been discontinued.

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

… The emulsion was injected subcutaneously in both hind flanks of each animal. The mice were intraperitoneally -treated with 300 ng of pertussis toxin from bordetella pertussis (dissolved in 100 µl PBS; List Biological Lab, USA) at the time of immunization and again 48 …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

EAE:

On days 0 and 2, 150 ng/mouse pertussis toxin (List Biological Laboratories) was given by intraperitoneal injection. Mice were monitored and weighted daily until day 28. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

… In vivo depletion of Foxp3 + Treg Foxp3 + Treg were depleted from DEREG mice[10] by injection of 500ng Diphtheria toxin (DT) (List Biological Laboratories, Inc., Campbell, CA) and two days later mice were grafted as described below …

• Product #150 – Diphtheria Toxin, Unnicked, from Corynebacterium diphtheriae

Toxins:

…  Recombinant EF and PA from Bacillus anthracis were purchased from List Biological Laboratories, Inc., Campbell, CA. …

Signal Transduction Experiments:

Zymosan particles were opsonized by incubating the particles with 50% human serum for 30 min at 37 C. The particles were then washed and dissolved in DMEM with FCS before use for treatment of cells (100 g of zymosan particles per 10⁶ cells). To investigate the effects of toxin-provoked cAMP intoxication on opsonophagocytic signaling, 3 10⁶ THP-1 cells were preincubated with CyaA (150 ng/ml; 0.85 nM) for 30 min or ET (625 ng/ml; 7.04 nM EF + 2500 ng/ml; 30.24 nM PA) for 6 h, respectively (based on cAMP ELISA experiments to have similar cAMP intoxication levels, cf. Figure 1A,B). The cells were then treated with 300 g of serum opsonized or unopsonized zymosan as positive and negative controls for 30 min, respectively.

• Product #171E – Anthrax Protective Antigen (PA), Recombinant from B. anthracis
• Product #178A – Anthrax Edema Factor (EF), Recombinant from B. anthracis