Bacterial Toxin Research Citations

Comparison with previously reported detection methods for tcdA and confirmation by ELISA for TcdA

Two pairs of classic PCR primers for gene tcdA (Kato et al. 1999; Lemee et al. 2004) were compared with our method using 33 C. difficile RT017 isolates and 30 other types of clinical isolates preserved in our laboratory (Table S3). For inconsistent results, ELISA was employed for clarification. Briefly, negative control (ATCC43593), positive control (ATCC-BBA1803), and tested C. difficile (N20) isolates (Table S3) were anaerobically cultured in BHI liquid medium at 37 °C for 24 h. After centrifugation, the supernatant was taken and filtered through a 0.45 μm filter, then incubated overnight at 4 °C in a 96-well plate. The plate was washed with PBST(Phosphate Buffered Saline + Tween) and blocked with 5% bovine serum albumin at 37 °C for 2 h. Polyclonal antibody (List Biological Laboratories, Toxin A IgY, 1:1000 dilution) was used for the first hybridization, and horseradish peroxidase (HRP-conjugated goat anti-chicken IgY (Invitrogen, 1:5000 dilution) served as the secondary antibody. …

Induction and assessment of EAE

8-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were injected subcutaneously in the dorsal flanks with 3 mg/ml MOG35-55 peptide (300 μg per mouse) in CFA containing 5 mg/ml heat-killed Mycobacterium tuberculosis (500 μg per mouse) on day 0. Mice were injected with Pertussis toxin (150 ng per mouse, list labs) on days 0 and day 2 through the retroorbital vein. In Tivantinib prevention trails, Tivantinib was intraperitoneally injected into mice (10 mg/kg) beginning at day 0 to day 22 every two days. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

Determination of intracellular cytokine induction following SIV-Gag peptide stimulation

… Staphylococcal enterotoxin A & B (SEB/A-List Biologicals stimulation at 250 ng ml−1 served as a positive control. Peptide diluent (1% dimethyl sulfoxide) served as the negative control. …

… Protective antigen List Biological Labs #171E …

• Product #171E – Anthrax Protective Antigen (PA), Recombinant from B. anthracis

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

Nunc-immuno microtitre plate wells with Maxisorp surface (Thermo Fisher) were coated in triplicates with 30ng/well of full-length TcdA (List Biological Laboratories, Inc., Campbell, CA) in 0.05M carbonate–bicarbonate buffer pH 9.6, and incubated overnight at 4°C. Wells were blocked with 1% (w/v) bovine serum albumin in PBS for 1h at room temperature, washed with PBS/0.05% (v/v) Tween 20 and then incubated for 1h with decreasing concentrations of His6-tagged VHH constructs in PBS containing 0.2% bovine serum albumin and 0.05% Tween 20 (PBS-TB). …

• Product #152C – Toxin A from Clostridium difficile

… Unless otherwise specified, mice were sensitized by a single intraperitoneal injection of 250 µg ovalbumin (Sigma; A5478) and 5 µg cholera toxin (List Labs; 100B) in PBS …

• Product #100B – Cholera Toxin (AZIDE-FREE) from Vibrio cholerae

… For oral sensitization experiments, mice were given oral gavages on days 0 and 7 with 5 mg of grade III OVA with 0.5 mg/kg of cholera toxin (List Biologicals 100B, lot nos. 10165A1 and 10165A2) in a final volume of 0.25 mL 0.2 M sodium bicarbonate buffer. …

• Product #100B – Cholera Toxin (AZIDE-FREE) from Vibrio cholerae

… All mice were anesthetized with isoflurane (2%) in 100% oxygen as described previously, while injections of CTb 1% (low salt, 1%, List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA) in distilled water, were made using a glass micropipette (tip diameter 15-20 µm) and Nanoinject II, to retrogradely …

• Product #104 – Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Choleragenoid) from Vibrio cholerae in Low Salt

… CTb was detected using a polyclonal goat anti-CTb (List Laboratories; …

• Product #703 – Anti-Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Goat)

… Pertussis toxin (200 ng, List Biological Laboratories) was injected intraperitoneally on days 0 and 2. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)