Citations

Induction of EAE and clinical evaluation:

SJL/J female mice (57 weeks old) were immunized subcutaneously (s.c.) with 200g of PLP₁₃₉₁₅₁ in a 02-ml emulsion composed of equal volumes of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) containing killed Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain H37RA (at a final concentration of 4mg/ml; Difco, Detroit, MI, USA). The PLP₁₃₉₁₅₁ in CFA was administered to regions above the shoulder and the flanks (total of four sites; 50 l at each injection site). Then, 200ng of pertussis toxin (List Biological Laboratories Inc., Campbell, CA, USA) was injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) on the day of immunization (day 0) and 2 days post-immunization. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

EAE Induction:

Unless otherwise stated, mice received 300 g of rodent MOG₃₅₅₅ peptide emulsified in complete Freunds adjuvant containing heat-killed Mycobacterium butyricum (Difco, Detroit, MI) via s.c. flank injection on days 0 and 7; on days 0 and 2, mice received 500 ng of pertussis toxin (List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA) via i.p. injection. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

BST Lesions:

To enhance visualization of vlBST injection sites and to reveal the central distribution of neurons projecting to those sites, a subset of rats used in Experiment 1 (described below) received vlBST microinjections of DSAP (n=2) or vehicle (n=2) mixed in a cocktail with a retrograde neural tracer, cholera toxin subunit (CTB, 0.15%, List Biological Laboratories, Inc. Campbell, California). CTB in the injectate did not interfere with DSAP lesion efficacy…

Behavioral testing on the EPMZ:

… In Experiment 1, maze-nave rats was tested only once in the EPMZ, two weeks after surgery (n=22 DSAP, n=15 sham), to assess maze behavior after either i.p. saline or YO. Two rats within each surgical lesion group were those that received co-microinjection of CTB together with DSAP or saline vehicle into the vlBST, as described above (BST lesions). …

Perfusion And Immunohistochemistry:

A second set of tissue sections from rats that received vlBST microinjections of CTB+DSAP or CTB+vehicle was processed for dual immunofluorescence to localize CTB (using goat anti-CTB, 1:5000, List Biological Laboratories) and mouse anti-DbH (1:5000), in order to simultaneously visualize vlBST injection sites, non-lesioned retrogradely labeled neurons projecting to those sites, and DbH-positive neurons and fibers. CTB immunofluorescence was visualized using CY3-conjugated AffiniPure donkey…

• Product #104 – Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Choleragenoid) from Vibrio cholerae in Low Salt
• Product #703 – Anti-Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Goat)

… Pertussis toxin List Biological Laboratories via Quadratech (Epsom , UK ) …

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis:

… All mice strains bred in-house were backcrossed on C57BL/6 background for at least 10 generations. … Pertussis toxin, dissolved in saline (200 ng/mouse) was applied intraperitoneally at the time of immunisation and 48 hours later. …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

Source of Stx1 and Stx2 variants:

Pure Stx1 was purchased from List Biological Laboratories, Inc. (Campbell, CA). …

• Product #161 – Shiga Toxin 1 from Escherichia coli

Cell culture, transfection, and intoxication:

Bacterial toxins were loaded into cells by endocytic uptake…The culture medium was changed to a depolarizing solution of HEPES buffered salt solution containing 55 mm KCl with NaCl reduced to 37 mm, plus either or both of tetanus toxin (10 nm; List Biological Laboratories)…

• Product #190 – Tetanus Toxin from Clostridium tetani

Animals:

To compare vocalizations emitted by hearing and deaf male mice, we used a mouse line that expresses DTRs in hair cells to induce deafness. CBA/CaJ mice had the human dtr gene inserted into the pou4f3 gene…We gave 49 P2 mice a systemic injection of DT (4 ng/g i.m.; List Biological Laboratories)…

• Product #150 – Diphtheria Toxin, Unnicked, from Corynebacterium diphtheriae

1,25(OH)₂D₃ Treatment and EAE Induction:

…To induce EAE, mice were immunized subcutaneously with 200 g MOG emulsified in complete Freunds adjuvant (Difco, Lawrence, KS) supplemented with 5 mg/ml Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra (Difco, Lawrence, KS). The mice were injected twice i.p. with 200 ng of pertussis toxin (List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA) at the time of immunization and 48 hours later. The mice were then monitored daily for clinical symptoms of disease, …

Author did not specify which List Labs Pertussis Toxin was utilized. List Labs provides the following Pertussis Toxin products:
• Product #180 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer
• Product #181 – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free)
• Product #179A – Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol)

Conditioning and dorsal column lesions:

…Another set of C57BL/6 129/SvJ (n = 5) and Slpi^/ (n = 7) mice received only dorsal column lesions. At 5 weeks after surgery, 2 µl of 1% cholera toxin B subunit (CTB; List Biological) was injected into the right sciatic nerve of each animal, and the animals were transcardially perfused with 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA) 3 d later. Spinal cord sections were immunostained using goat anti-CTB antibody (1:2000; List Biological),…

• Product #104 – Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Choleragenoid) from Vibrio cholerae in Low Salt
• Product #703 – Anti-Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Goat)

Retrograde Labeling of Proprioceptive Afferent Collateral Projections:

For CTB labeling, p1416 animals were anesthetized by Avertin (0.4 g/kg body weight, administered i.p.), and 0.5 µl of a 1% solution of CTB (List Biologicals) was injected in axial, intercostal, body wall, or hindlimb muscles. After 5 days, animals were processed for analysis.

• Product #104 – Cholera Toxin B Subunit (Choleragenoid) from Vibrio cholerae in Low Salt